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Human Anatomy Question Paper

Human Anatomy

Course:Bachelor Of Medicine And Bachelor Of Surgery

Institution: Moi University question papers

Exam Year:2006

M O I U N I V E R S I T Y

SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
END OF YEAR EXAMINATION (EYE) 2005/2006
COURSE TITLE: HUMAN ANATOMY
COURSE CODE: HMA 100
PROGRAMME: M.B.Ch.B. YEAR OF STUDY: 1 (ONE)
DATE: 19TH OCTOBER, 2006 TIME: 9.00 AM - 12.00 NOON

INSTRUCTIONS:-

(i) Write your University Registration Number on every piece of paper you use.

(ii) Do not write your names on any piece of paper you use.

(iii) Answer all questions in this paper.

(iv) Read carefully additional instructions preceding each section.

SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (50 minutes)
TYPE I

I) THE FOLLOWING COMPLETE STATEMENTS ARE EITHER ‘TRUE’ OR “FALSE”
II) INDICATE BY PUTTING AN X IN THE APPROPRIATE BOX OF THE ANSWER SHEET
III) PUT AN X IN THE T COLUMN IF THE STATEMENT IS “TRUE” OR AN X IN THE F COLUMN IF THE STATEMENT IS “FALSE”

1. The branch of the brachial artery which accompanies the ulnar never behind the medial epicondyle is the inferior ulnar collateral artery.

2. Inability to flex the distal phalanx of the fourth and fifth digits of the hand would indicate damage to the ulnar nerve.

3. The roots and trunks of the brachial plexus lie above the clavicle.

4. Adduction of digits two, four and five of the hand are a function of the ulnar nerve.

5. Loss of function of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg and the sole of the foot is associated with paralysis of the deep peroneal nerve.

6. The biceps femoris muscle has a dual innervations derived from tibial and femoral nerves.

7. Pectineus, gracilis and obturator externus muscles are all supplied by the obturator nerve.

8. Damage to the median nerve above the wrist joint may result in loss of sensations on the medial third of the palm.

9. A midshaft fracture of the humerus may result in a dropped hand.

10. Damage to the radial nerve resulting from a fractured lateral epicondyle will result in loss of adduction and abduction of the fingers only.

11. The femoral nerve is not covered by the femoral sheath.

12. The extensor muscles of the thigh are supplied by the femoral nerve.

13. The tensor fascia lata muscle is supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve.

14. The elbow joint is an example of hinge joints.

15. If it is necessary to ligate the femoral artery below the origin of its branch, the profunda femoris, blood is supplied to the lower limb through cruciate anastomosis.

16. A bullet wound which damages the ulnar nerve at its origin would affect flexion of the elbow joint.

17. Winging of the scapula is a deformity of the upper limb resulting from paralysis of the upper subscapular nerve.

18. The root value of the radial nerve is 5,6,7,8 C and IT.

19. The short head of the biceps, coracobrachialis and pectoralis major muscles are attached to the coracoid process.

20. Supination of the forearm is one of the actions of the triceps brachii muscle.

21. Loss of sensation of the skin over the medial 1/3rd of the dorsum of the hand may result from damage of the radial nerve.

22. Actions of the lumbrical muscles include extension of the metacarpophalangeal joints.

23. Loss of complete pronation of the forearm is a result of paralysis of the median nerve.

24. Loss of sensation from the lateral part of the aspect of the forearm indicates damage to the radial nerve.

25. Peroneus brevis muscle is inserted into the medial cuneiform bone and the base of the first metatarsal bone.

26. The deltoid ligament is attached by its apex to the medial malleous.

27. The popliteal artery ends at the lower border of the soleus muscle.

28. The femoral vein receives the great saphenous vein.

29. The gluteus maximus is attached to the lateral tibial condyle through the iliotibial tract.

30. The only tarsal bone devoid of tibialis posterior attachments is the talus.

31. The quadratus femoris muscle is supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve.

32. The obturator nerve arises from the lumbar plexus.

33. The gluteus medius and the tensor fascia lata are abductors of the hip joint.

34. The bones of the proximal row that share in the wrist joint are the scaphoid and the lunate.

35. The scaphoid bone forms the floor of the snuff box.

36. A fracture of the middle of the clavicle can lead to injury of the axillary vessels.

37. The median cubital vein is separated from the brachial artery and the median nerve by the bicipital aponeurosis.

38. The tendon of flexor carpi radialis can be used as a landmark in a median nerve block. The nerve lies lateral to the tendon at the wrist.

39. Bleeding from the lower part of the brachial artery can be stopped temporarily by applying pressure laterally towards the humerus.

40. At the base of the femoral triangle, the femoral nerve lies medial to femoral artery.

41. The tibial nerve bisects the popliteal fossa from the superior to the inferior angles crossing the popliteal artery superficially from lateral to medial.

42. Injuries to the tibial nerve result in loss of eversion and dorsiflection of the foot.

43. The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments cannot prevent hyperextension and hyperflexion of the knee joint.

44. The lower fibers of the vastus medialis muscle run almost horizontally as they gain insertion in the patella.

45. The tibialis posterior muscle inverts and dorsiflex the foot.

46. One could take a dorsalis pedis pulse at the base of the first metatarsal bone between the tendons of the extensor digitorum longus and the extensor hallucis longus.

47. The long thoracic nerve could be injured in the fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus.

48. A coronal place exposes anteroposterior surfaces whereas a sagittal plane gives lateral and medial surfaces.

49. All the skeletal muscles of the limbs develop from the hypaxial part of the myotome.

50. The hind buds usually appear at the 30 somite stage before the fore-limb buds.

SECTION B: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQs) (40 minutes)
TYPE III

INSTRUCTIONS:

(I) THERE IS ONLY ONE WRONG STATEMENT IN EACH QUESTION. FIND IT AND MARK X IN THE ANSWER SHEET PROVIDED.

1. The posterior relations of the radial artery include

(a) The supinator muscle
(b) The flexor digitorum profundus
(c) The flexor pollicis longus
(d) Pronator quadratus
(e) The lower end of radius

2. The carpal tunnel contents are

(a) The flexor pollicis longus tendon
(b) The flexor digitorum superficialis tendons
(c) The flexor digitorum profundus tendons
(d) The ulnar nerve
(e) The synovial sheathes around the flexor tendons

3. The movements of the shoulder joint

(a) The pectoralis major is an adductor
(b) The trapezius is an abductor
(c) The supraspinatus is an adductor
(d) The teres major is an adductor
(e) The deltoid is an abductor

4. The anterior relations of the ulnar artery include

(a) The pronator teres
(b) The flexor carpi radialis
(c) The flexor carpi ulnaris
(d) The flexor digitorum profundus
(e) The palmaris longus

5. The median nerve

(a) Arises by two roots from the cords of the brachial plexus
(b) Passes medial to the upper part of the brachial artery
(c) Enters the forearm between the two heads of the pronator teres
(d) Gives the anterior interosseous nerve in the forearm
(e) Pass through the carpal tunnel to the hand

6. The radial nerve

(a) Its root value is C5, C6, C7, C8, TI
(b) Leaves the axilla to the spiral groove between the long and the medial heads of the triceps
(c) In the spiral groove, it gives a branch of the anconeus muscle
(d) Supplies all the extensors of the forearm
(e) Supplies the dorsal interossei muscles

7. The brachial artery relations are

(a) The biceps brachii muscle is lateral
(b) The ulnar nerve is medial
(c) The long head of triceps is posterior
(d) The axillary nerve is anterior
(e) The coracobrachialis muscle is lateral

8. The interossei muscles

(a) The dorsal are four
(b) The palmar usually are three
(c) All are inserted into the extensor expansion
(d) The dorsal muscles adducts the fingers
(e) All are supplied by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve

9. The following structures are among the contents of the extensor retinaculum compartments

(a) The abductor pollicis longus in the first
(b) The extensor carpi radialis brevis in the second
(c) The anterior interosseous artery in the fourth
(d) The extensor pollicis longus in the third
(e) The extensor digit minimi in the sixth

10. Supination and pronation of the forearm

(a) Occurs at the wrist joint
(b) During pronation the radius corsses the ulna
(c) During supination the radius is parallel to the ulna
(d) The biceps muscle is a powerful supinator
(e) The pronator quadratus helps in pronation

11. The muscles deep to the femoral artery are

(a) The iliacus
(b) The psoas major
(c) The pectineus
(d) The adductor longus
(e) The adductor magnus

12. The contents of the femoral sheath are

(a) The femoral artery
(b) Femoral nerve
(c) The femoral vein
(d) The femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
(e) Areolar connective tissue

13. The contents of the adductor canal are

(a) Femoral artery
(b) Femoral vein
(c) Saphenous nerve
(d) Descending genicular artery
(e) Obturator nerve

14. The course of the common peroneal nerve includes

(a) Usually begins at the middle of the back of the thigh
(b) Passes on the medial side of the biceps femoris
(c) Leaves the fossa from its lateral angle
(d) Lies on the back of the head of the fibula
(e) Reach the leg by passing on the medial side of the neck of the fibula

15. Injury of the common peroneal nerve results in

(a) Foot drop
(b) Loss of sensation on the medial side of the big toe
(c) Loss of sensation on the lateral side of the little toe
(d) Weak inversion of the foot
(e) Loss of eversion of the foot

16. The adductor magnus muslce

(a) Arises partially from the ischial tuberosity
(b) Inserted into the linea aspera
(c) The femoral vessels pass through one of its openings
(d) Is supplied by the obturator nerve only
(e) Its ischial part is inserted in the adductor tubercle

17. The structures deep to the inferior extensor retinaculum are

(a) The extensor digitorum longus
(b) The extensor hallucis longus
(c) The anterior tibial artery
(d) The deep peroneal nerve
(e) Peroneus tertius

18. The relations of the popliteal artery include

(a) The tibial nerve crosses it from lateral to medial
(b) The popliteus muscle is deep to it
(c) The politeal vein crosses it from medial to lateral
(d) The capsule of the knee joint is deep to it
(e) Is separated from the back of the femur by fat

19. The peroneus longus muscle

(a) Arises from the lateral surface of the fibula
(b) Passes behind the lateral malleolus
(c) Passes in a groove in the navicular bone
(d) Inserted into the medial cuneiform bone
(e) Is supplied by the superficial peroneal nerve

20. The structures found in the second layer of the sole include

(a) The tendon of the flexor digitorum longus
(b) The tendon of the flexor hallucis longus
(c) Lumbrical muscles
(d) Interossei muscles
(e) Flexor digitorum accessorius

SECTION C: MATCHING QUESTIONS (25 minutes)
TYPE IV

INSTRUCTIONS:

(I) THERE ARE FIVE (5) QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION
(II) ANSWER ALL THE FIVE (5) QUESTIONS
(III) TO EACH NUMBERED ITEMS IN LIST 1 CHOOSE THE APPROPRIATE LETTERED ONE IN LIST II

Q. 1

LIST I LIST II

1. Golgi apparatus A. Synthesis of glycogen
2. Mitochondria B. Synthesis of proteins
3. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum C. Oxysomes
4. Centrosome D. Mitotic spindle
5. Microfilaments E. Cytoskeleton
F. Production of lysosomes
G. Phagocytosis
H. Basal membrane
Q 2.

LIST I LIST II

1. Transitional epithelium A. Gamma-globulins
2. Fibrolast B. Cardiomyocytes
3. Plasma cell C. Myelin sheath
4. Intercalated disks D. Production of collagen
5. Node of Ranivier E. Pinocytosis
F. Urinary bladder
G. Skeletal muscle fiber
H. Lining of GIT
Q 3.

LIST I LIST II

1. Acrosome A. Primitive yolk sac
2. Ovulation B. Intraembryonic mesoderm
3. Heuser’s membrane C. Contain blood capillaries
4. Epiblast D. Hyaluronidase
5. Tertiary stem villi E. Do not contain blood capillaries
F. Secondary oocyte
G. Amniotic epithelium
H. Extraembryonic mesoderm

Q 4.

LIST I LIST II

1. Arcuate nuclei A. Calcitonin
2. Acervuli B. Pineal gland
3. Basophils of pars C. MCSH
4. Parafollicular cells D Liberins and statins
5. Chromaffin cells E. Aldosteron
F. Catecholamins
G. Colloid
H. Natriuretic factor

Q 5.

LIST I LIST II

1. Megakaryocyte A. Thymosin
2. T-lymphocytes B. Contain keratohyaline
3. Hassal corpuscles C. Originate in the bone marrow
4. Central artery D. White pulp
5. Subcapsular sinus E. Lymph node
F. Platelets
G. Red pulp
H. Lymphatic nodules

SECTION D: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (10 minutes)

INSTRUCTIONS:

I) THERE IS ONE (1) QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION
II) ANSWER THE QUESTION

SAQ 1. Describe secretory cycle of the thyrocyte
(10 minutes)

SECTION E: LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (LEQs) (30 minutes)

INSTRUCTIONS:

I) THERE ARE TWO (2) QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION
II) ANSWER ALL THE TWO (2) QUESTIONS
III) START EACH QUESTION ON A FRESH PIECE OF PAPER OF THE BOOKLET.

LEQ 1. The popliteal Fossa

(a) Its boundaries
(b) Its contents
(15 minutes)

LEQ 2. The flexor retinaculum

(a) The structures passing superficial to it
(b) The structures deep it

Human Anatomy Question Paper

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