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Hml 301: Histo/Cytopathology Question Paper

Hml 301: Histo/Cytopathology

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Medical Laboratory Science

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2010

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2009/2010
SUPPLEMENTARY/SPECIAL EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR
OF SCIENCE (MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE)
HML 301: HISTO/CYTOPATHOLOGY
DATE:
SATURDAY 2ND OCTOBER 2010
TIME: 9.00 A.M. - 12.00 NOON
INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION A: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
ATEMPT ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

1. Describe the predisposing risk factors for lung cancer

(5 marks)

2. Briefly describe the three ways of obtaining lung samples for Cytopathology laboratory

3. Describe the of Importance of Pap test in Kenya

(5 marks)
SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS.
Attempt ONLY ONE question (20 Marks).
1. Describe the methods of obtaining, processing and preparation of urine sample for
Cytopathology evaluation.

(20 marks)

2. Describe the major steps used in tissue processing and staining techniques in Histopathology
Laboratory

(20 marks)
Page 1 of 6
SECTION C
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (15 MARKS)
There are thirty (30) multiple choice questions (MCQ) in this section. ATTEMPT all of
them by placing a circle around the letter representing the right answer. Each MCQ
answer is equal to half (1/2) mark.
1.
All of following features are helpful in diagnosing dysplasia except:
a.
Prominent nucleolus.
b.
Nuclear enlargement.
c.
nuclear hyperchromasia
d.
Coarsening and clumping of chromatin.
2.
What cells are NOT normally found in a normal cerebral spinal fluid cytology?
a.
Lymphocytes
b.
Hemosiderin macrophages
c.
Choroid plexus cells
d.
Epidendymal cells
3. The paraffin sections for routine diagnostic surgical pathology are cut at a thickness of:
a.
4-8 nm.
b.
40-80 nm.
c.
4-8 ? m.
d.
40-80 ? m.
4.
What type of tissue lines the bladder?
a.
Simple squamous epithelium
b.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
c.
Simple columnar epithelium
d.
Transitional epithelium

Page 2 of 6
March the following terms with what is at the right hand side by writing the corresponding
letter on the dotted line (5 marks).
5
Paptest…………………..

a) HPV
6
Cancer………………………..

b) Cervical-vaginal smear
7
Dysplasia……………………….

c) MI=0:10:90
8
Atrophy……………………….

d) New growth
9
Koilocyte……………………..

e) Increased sizes of cells
10
Neoplasm …………………

f) Metastasis
11
Benign………………………….

g) Reduced sizes/number of cells
12
Hypertrophy…………………..

h) Increased size/number of cells
13
Estrogen…………………………

i) Premalignant change
14
Hyperplasia………………………..
j) Increased number of cells

k) Localized growth.

l) MI=70:20:10

m) Vaginal smear
15.
What type of epithelium is associated with goblet cells?
a.
b.Simple cuboidal epithelium
b.
Simple columnar epithelium
c.
Stratified squamous epithelium
d.
Pseudostratified epithelium
16.
What do you call the simple squamous epithelium that lines the blood vessels?
a.
Epithelioid tissue
b.
Mesothelium
c.
Endothelium
d.
Pseudostratified

Page 3 of 6
17. Which of the following predisposes risks for developing small breast cancer?
a. Genetic
b.
Alcoholism
c. Using post-menopausal hormones therapy.
d. Exposure to asbestos
18.
Which of the following stains is important in indentifying the keratin in pap stain?
a.
Eosin
b.
Orange G
c.
Montana
d.
d. Hematoxylin
19. Which of the following process is used to totally dehydrate tissue/cell in our labs?
a.
Water—Xylene----formalin
b.
Xylene—alcohol---water
c.
Water-----alcohol----formalin
d.
Water----alcohol----xylene
20.
Which of the following is NOT important in utilization of tumor markers in diagnosis of

cancers of effusion fluid?
a.
To confirm light microscopic diagnosis
b.
To differentiate two or more similar cellular patterns.
c.
To identify and type the tumor origin.
d.
To stage the tumor
21.
Which cancer disease is mostly influenced by smoking and environmental pollution?
a.
Mouth
b.
Cervical
c.
Lungs
d.
Bladder
Page 4 of 6
22.
Which germ cell layer does the mesothelioma arise from?
a.
Ectoderm
b.
Mesoderm
c.
Endoderm
d.
A and B
23.
A 47-year-old woman undergoes routine mammographic screening and has an abnormal

mammogram with multiple small areas of increased density, though a single distinctive

mass lesion is not detectable either by palpation or by mammography. A fine needle

aspiration biopsy of an abnormal density reveals cells suspicious for a malignancy. An

excisional breast biopsy yields a diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast.

Which of the following is the most likely finding associated with this woman''s

carcinoma?
a.
This neoplasm will remain localized.
b.
The opposite breast may be involved
c.
A family history of breast cancer is unlikely.
d.
Paget disease of the nipple probably preceded this lesion.
24 Which chemical used for preservation of Histopathology samples made for the: Light
microscopy
a.
70% formalin
b.
2.5% solution in phosphate buffered saline and water.
c.
4% formaldehyde
d.
100% formaldehyde
25.
Which disease has been associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma?
a.
Herpes simplex virus
b.
Viral Hepatitis
c.
Hepatic abscess
d.
Alcoholic hepatitis

Page 5 of 6
26.
Which of the following is not an indication of FNAC/B of Kidney?
a.
Cytodiagnosis of renal mass
b.
Obtaining urine sample
c.
Confirmation of metastases
d.
Therapeutic for cysts
27.
Which of the following method is used to obtain lungs specimen for Histo/Cytology lab?
a.
Sputum
b.
Bronchoscopic
c.
Bronchoalveolar lavage
d.
All of the above
28.
Which part of the body has more metastatic tumors than primary tumors?
a.
Female genital tract
b.
Lungs
c.
Urinary system
d.
Central nervous system

29.
Which of the following histological and cytological features of Squamous cell carcinoma

of the cervix is most important in distinguishing high grade squamous intraepithelial

lesion from malignant lesions?
a. Tumor diathesis.
b. Cellular pleomorphism.
c. Infiltration of abnormalcell into the stromal layer.
d. All of the above.

30.
All of the following managements are recommended for women with atypical squamous

cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) except:
a. DNA testing for high-risk types of HPV.
b. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).
c. Repeat cervical cytology.
d. Colposcopy with repeat pap smear test.
Page 6 of 6

Hml 301: Histo/Cytopathology Question Paper

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