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Basic Physics 1 Question Paper

Basic Physics 1

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Physics

Institution: Maasai Mara University question papers

Exam Year:

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NAROK UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
SPECIAL/SUPPLEMENTARY UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2010/11
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
(COMPUTER), BACHELOR OF SCIENCE AND BACHELOR OF EDUCATION (SCIENCE)
PHY110: BASIC PHYSICS I
Date: ___NOV 2010_______________________ Time: ______________
INSTRUCTIONS:
· Answer Question ONE and any other THREE.
· Use of sketch diagrams where necessary and brief illustrations are encouraged. Read the
instructions on the answer booklet keenly and adhere to them.
PHYSICAL CONSTANTS
- Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.81ms-2
- Universal gas constant R = 8.314 Jmol-1K-1
- Avogadros number NA = 6.023x1023particles per mol
- Boltzmann constant KB =1.381x10-23JK-1
- Specific heat capacity of water cW =4186 Jkg-1K-1
- Specific heat at constant pressure for Hydrogen, cP =28.8J//mol.K
- Specific heat at constant volume for Hydrogen, cV =20.4J//mol.K
- Speed of sound in air v = 343 m/s
- Density of air = 1.20kg/m3
- Specific heat capacity of copper ccu = 0.092 cal/g.oC
- Latent heat of vaporization of Nitrogen Lvap= 48cal/g
- Universal Gravitational Constant; G = 6.673x10-11Nm2kg-2
- Stefan’s constant = 5.669 x 10-8Wm-2K-4
QUESTION ONE: [24 marks]
a) A book is moved once around the perimeter of a tabletop with the dimensions 1.0 m x 2.0 m. If
the book ends up at its initial position, what is its displacement? What is the distance traveled?
[2]
b) If the component of vector A along the direction of vector B is zero, what can you conclude
about the two vectors? [1]
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c) State which of the following quantities, if any, remain constant as a projectile moves through its
parabolic trajectory: [3]
(i) speed,
(ii) acceleration,
(iii) horizontal component of velocity,
(iv) vertical component of velocity.
d) Suppose a truck loaded with sand accelerates along a highway. If the driving force on the truck
remains constant, what happens to the truck’s acceleration if its trailer leaks sand at a constant
rate through a hole in its bottom? [2]
e) Explain why the Earth is not spherical in shape and bulges at the equator. [2]
f) Can the average power over a time interval ever be equal to the instantaneous power at an
instant within the interval? Explain. [2]
g) An object of mass m starts from rest and slides a distance d down a frictionless incline of angle
q. While sliding, it contacts an unstressed spring of negligible mass as shown in figure 1. The
object slides an additional distance x as it is brought momentarily to rest by compression of the
spring (of force constant k). Find the initial separation d between object and spring. [2]
Figure 1
h) If two particles have equal kinetic energies, are their momenta necessarily equal? Explain. [2]
i) Smoke rises in a chimney faster when a breeze is blowing. Use the Bernoulli effect to explain
this phenomenon. [1]
j) How can an object move with respect to an observer so that the sound from it is not shifted in
frequency? [2]
k) What does the ideal gas law predict about the volume of a sample of gas at absolute zero? Why
is this prediction incorrect? [1]
l) A 1.00-mol sample of hydrogen gas is heated at constant pressure from 300 K to 420 K.
Calculate
(i) the energy transferred to the gas by heat [2],
(ii) the increase in its internal energy, [1] and
(iii) the work done on the gas. [1]
QUESTION TWO: [12 marks]
a) The center of gravity of an object may be located outside the object. Give three examples for
which this is the case. [3]
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b) Figure 2 shows three uniform objects: a rod, a right triangle, and a square. Their masses and
their coordinates in meters are given. Determine the center of gravity for the three-object system
[5]
Figure 2
c) A vaulter holds a 29.4-N pole in equilibrium by exerting an upward force U with her leading
hand and a downward force D with her trailing hand, as shown in Figure 3. Point C is the
center of gravity of the pole. What are the magnitudes of U and D? [4]
Figure 3
QUESTION THREE: [12 marks]
a) What is a major problem that arises in measuring specific heats if a sample with a temperature
above 100°C is placed in water? [3]
b) A water heater is operated by solar power. If the solar collector has an area of 6.00 m2 and the
intensity delivered by sunlight is 550 W/m2, how long does it take to increase the temperature of
1.00 m3 of water from 20.0°C to 60.0°C? [5]
c) A 1.00-kg block of copper at 20.0°C is dropped into a large vessel of liquid nitrogen at 77.3 K.
How many kilograms of nitrogen boil away by the time the copper reaches 77.3 K? (The
specific heat of copper is 0.092 0 cal/g . °C. The latent heat of vaporization of nitrogen is 48.0
cal/g.) [4]
QUESTION FOUR: [12 marks]
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a) Suppose the wind blows. Does this cause a Doppler effect for sound propagating through the air?
Do you treat this as a moving source or a moving observer? [3]
b) A sound wave in air has pressure amplitude equal to 4.00 x 10-3 N/m2. Calculate the displacement
amplitude of the wave at a frequency of 10.0 kHz [4]
c) The area of a typical eardrum is about 5.00 x 10-5 m2. Calculate the sound power incident on an
eardrum at
(i) the threshold of hearing and
(ii) the threshold of pain. (Take intensity at the threshold hearing = 1.0 x 10-12 W/m2 and
threshold pain = 1.0 W/m2) [5]
QUESTION FIVE: [12 marks]
a) Describe how a driver can steer a car traveling at constant speed so that (a) the acceleration is
zero or (b) the magnitude of the acceleration remains constant. [4]
b) The vector position of a particle varies in time according to the expression r = (3.00i - 6.00t2j)
m.
(i) Find expressions for the velocity and acceleration as functions of time. [2]
(ii) Determine the particle’s position and velocity at t =1.00 s [2]
c) A firefighter, a distance d from a burning building, directs a stream of water from a fire hose at
angle q above the horizontal as in figure 4. If the initial speed of the stream is vi, at what height
h does the water strike the building? [4]
Figure 4
QUESTION SIX: [12 marks]
a) Ethyl alcohol has about half the specific heat of water. If equal-mass samples of alcohol and
water in separate beakers are supplied with the same amount of energy, compare the
temperature increases of the two liquids [2]
b) A box with a total surface area of 1.20 m2 and a wall thickness of 4.00 cm is made of an
insulating material. A 10.0-W electric heater inside the box maintains the inside temperature
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at 15.0°C above the outside temperature. Find the thermal conductivity k of the insulating
material. [5]
c) The tungsten filament of a certain 100-W light bulb radiates 2.00 W of light. (The other 98 W is
carried away by convection and conduction.) The filament has a surface area of 0.250 mm2 and
an emissivity of 0.950. Find the filament’s temperature. (The melting point of tungsten is 3 683
K.) [5]
End and Good Luck.

Basic Physics 1 Question Paper

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