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Agriculture Question Paper

Agriculture

Course:Secondary Level

Exam Year:

EMPOWERMENT CONCEPTS EXAMINATION- 2012

443/2
AGRICULTURE
PAPER 2
SECTION A (30MARKS)
Answer ALL the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
1. Give two uses of droppers in a barbed wire fence.
• Add beauty to the fence
• Reduce spaces to control movement of small animals through the fence
• Improves the wire tension. (2 x ½ = 1mark)
2. State two reasons for feeding bees during the dry period.
• For continuous breeding
• To avoid swamming
• To supplement food (2 x ½ = 1mark)
3. Give two reasons why it is easy to rear sheep than goats.
• Sheep are grazers
• Sheep have strong flocking instinct
• Sheep are tolerant to many diseases
• Have low food requirements (2 x ½ = 1mark)
4. Name a tool used to perform the following tasks on the farm.
i. Drive in wedge chisel when splitting wood (½ mark)
• Sledge hammer
ii. Remove excess gas accumulated in the rumen of cattle. (½ mark)
• Troca and canular
iii. Dig soils with underground rhizomes. (½ mark)
• Fork jembe
iv. Cut grooves on timber when making furniture (½ mark)
• Spokeshave plane
5. Name four factors that would predispose a lactating cow to mastitis. (2marks)
• Large and pendulous udder
• Dirt and filthy milking palour
• Dirty milk person
• Dirty udder towels
• Partial milking
• Presence of wounds on the udder (4 x ½ = 2marks)
6. State four disadvantages of hedges in the farm.
• Establishes slowly hence only effective after establishment
• Gaps may be left out when the shrubs used fail to grow or dry up
• Is a hideout for predators
• May be breeding place for disease vectors e.g. mosquitoes and tsetse flies.
• Non- thorny shrubs are not effective as allows animals and people to pass through
• Some shrubs are edible to livestock hence easily destroyed. (4 x ½ = 2marks)
7. State two negative effects of cross- sucking in calves during calf rearing.
• Formation of air – balls in the rumen that impede digestion
• Formation of wounds on the narval cord and genitals.
• Loss of appetite as calves spend a lot of time cross-sucking each other. (2 x ½ = 1mark)
8. Apart from the tractor and human being, name other four sources of power in the farm.
• Animal power
• Wind power
• Biomas power
• Fossil
• Water
• Nuclear (4 x ½ = 2marks)
9. Give 2 reasons for throwing grains to poultry on litter in a deep litter house.
• The birds turn the liter to avoid dampness
• Keeps bird busy
• Checks on cannibalism (2 x ½ = 1mark)

10. Give the terminology used to describe he young one of the following livestock.
i. Fish
• Fingerlings (1 x ½ = ½mark)
ii. Goat
• Kid (1 x ½ = ½mark)
iii. Pig
• Piglet (1 x ½ = ½mark)
iv. Rabbit
• Kindle (1 x ½ = ½mark)
11. Name the vectors that transmit the following livestock disease.
i. Nagana
• Tsetsefly (1 x ½ = ½mark)
ii. East Coast fever
• Brown ear tick (1 x ½ = ½mark)
iii. Anaplasimosis
• Blue ear tick (1 x ½ = ½mark)
iv. Rift valley Fever.
• Bond legged tick (1 x ½ = ½mark)
12. List any four details that should be contained in field operations record.
• Type of crop
• Field No. / Plot No
• Date of land preparation
• Date of planting
• Date of weeding
• Date of top-dressing(4 x ½ = 2marks)
13. Name four factors considered when sitting the farm house.
• Drainage of the land
• Paranoiac view
• Wind direction
• Type of soil security
• Location in relation to other structures (4 x ½ = 2marks)
14. Name any four effects of internal parasites on livestock.
• Damage of internal organs
• Blockage of internal organs
• Complete with host for food causing malnutrition
• Cause anemia in some animals
• Some cause irritation as they migrate (4 x ½ = 2marks)
15. State four ways of reducing stress in poultry production.
• Provide adequate food / water
• Feed at regular intervals
• Avoid overcrowding / ensure correct stocking rate
• Provide balanced diet
• Control external parasites
• Keep poultry house warm
• Prevent predators off the poultry house (4 x ½ = 2marks)
16. State four advantages of free range rearing systems in poultry.
• Birds feed on vegetation and insects
• Redness cases of cannibalism
• Reduces cases of stress
• Poultry droppings are evenly distributed in the field
• Less accumulation of parasites
• is suitable for both broilers and layers (4 x ½ = 2marks)
17. State four management practices carried out on a cow during parturition.
• Separate cow from the rest
• Assist weak calves to suckle
• Clean calves dry that have been disowned by mother cow
• Provide clean and plenty of water
• Livestock attendant should be nearby to provide assistance incase of complications. (4 x ½ = 2marks)
18. Differentiate between close – breeding and line breeding 1mark
• Close breeding – mating of closely related individuals
• Line breeding – mating of distantly related animals
SECTION B (20MARKS)
Answer ALL the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
19.
a. Name the parts labeled M, N,P,Q,R and S
• M- Shell / calciferous shell
• N- Inner shell membrane
• P- Out shell membrane
• Q- Albumen/ Egg white
• R- Yolk
• S- Challazae (6 x ½ = 3marks)
b. R
• Acts as food reserve for developing embryo
• Holds germinal disc.
S
• Holds yolk in a central position
• Conducts heat to the embryo during incubation. (1 x 2 = 2 marks)
c. State four factors considered when selecting eggs for incubation.
• Size – medium
• Shell – no cracks
• Should be clean
• Internal qualities – have one yolk / should not be yolkless
• Age – not more than 2 weeks old (4 x 1 = 4marks)
20.
a) Name the parts labeled A,B,C and D
• A- Crankcase
• B- Crankshaft
• C- Piston
• D- Exhaust valve (4 x ½ = 2marks)
b) By the position of the piston, identify the stroke illustrated above. 1mark
• Exhaust stroke
c) State the type of fuel the engine illustrated above, uses and give a reason. 2marks
• Fuel type – petrol
• Reason – presence of spark plug
d) Below is an illustration of a practice carried out in livestock production. Study it carefully and answer the following questions.
i. Identify the practice illustrated above.1mark
• Artificial insemination (AI)

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