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(a). Appearance
- Intensity of the colour increases with increase in boiling point.
- Boiling point increases with increasing number of carbon atoms.
Reason:
- The higher the number of carbon atoms, the higher the number of covalent bonds.
- Thus the first fraction to be distilled (lab gas) is colourless while the last distillates (between) is dark black in colour.
(b). Viscosity
- Increases with increasing boiling point;
- The fractions with low boiling points are less viscous while the fraction with the highest boiling point is semi-solid
(c). Inflammability:
- Decreases with increasing boiling points.
- The gaseous fractions, with least boiling points readily catches fire // burn, while the semi-solid fractions with very high boiling points are almost non-combustible.
Note: Some Hydrocarbons are found in more than one fraction of crude oil and more advanced chemical methods are necessary for complete separation.
Kavungya answered the question on April 27, 2019 at 12:57
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