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Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow

      

Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.

Populism is a cancer that has eaten right into the very fabric or our education sector. Decision - making on
education matter are no longer based on in-depth research but on political mileage to set strategies for educational
developments. The political class, purporting to represent the interests of the ordinary, use the education of our
children as their flags in their quest for power. The entry of these self-seekers into the education sector has
disorganised structures and systems, tampered with educational contents, teaching methods, assessment and
evaluation of institutions. The politically engineered 8-4-4 system thrust on the Kenyan education system, burden
the children and teachers with book materials to be mastered through rote learning. Though the curriculum
subjects and material are condensed, there is still so much irrelevance in the contents. In a number of schools the
curriculum is not fully covered. The situation has been made worse by teachers shortages.
As teachers grappled to put the 1984 KANU government-designed curriculum, NARC (National Rainbow
Coalition) government that come into power after resoundingly defeating KANU threw in a new challenge to the
education sector. In the fashion of its predecessor, NARC shoved free schooling on ad hoc into Kenyans
education - devoid of the benefit of research.
The result was an instant shortage learning resources and teachers. Schools run in shortage of 60,000 teachers
in the 18,000 primary schools and 5,000 secondary schools in this country. The scarcity of teachers adversely
affects normal teaching / learning processes that are sometimes disrupted by students’ riots.
In some schools inadequate teaching resources and facilities makes teachers skip some lessons and therefore a
student become idle, bored and highly irritable. As IPAR Report (2008) puts it. “In such state, they can become
violent at the slightest provocation.” The reports adds, “From observation, violence in schools coincides with the
times when teachers are agitating for action on issues affecting them such as higher salaries and hence they have
no time for students. “The morale of the teaching fraternity has reached rock-bottom. Remuneration is believed
to be the most demoralizing factor. Teachers’ salaries compare unfavourably with their salaries of their peers in
the public service. Although, the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) is the employer of teachers in public
schools, the government controls the remuneration of teachers and ‘may often see no urgency in encouraging
seamless implementation of a progressive reward system’ (IPAR 2008, Report).
Teachers express apathy because of lack of employer motivation and poor administration, among other
negative factors. Their work environment has discouraged them from making efforts to improve performance,
which affects students who may vent anger by destroying school property to attract attention.
Adaptation from 'Education Insight'

Questions

1. How does populism affect education sector according to the passage?
2. What are the shortcomings of the politically engineered 8 - 4- 4 system? Give your answer in note form.

3. Identify and explain the figure of speech in the first paragraph.

4. Explain the added challenge that arose when the NARC government soon took over power.

5. According to the passage how can inadequate teaching resources translate to students’ riots.

6. The situation has been made worse by teachers’s shortage. Add a tag question.

7. 'The morale of the teaching fraternity has reached rock-bottom,' the report stated. Rewrite in the reported speech.

8. What has killed teachers’ morale according to the passage?

9. Explain the meanings of the following words and phrases as used in the passage.

(i) rock-bottom.

(ii) apathy

(iii) devoid

(iv) populism

  

Answers


Martin
1. Decision making on educational matters is basedon political mileage as opposed to in-depth research.

2.
- Burdens students and teachers with book materials.
- Irrelevance in the learning process.
- Shortage of teachers.
- Incomplete curriculum coverage.

3. Metaphor.
Populism is a cancer that has eaten right into the education sector - Just like cancer populism is destroying the
education sector and it’s hard to remedy.

4. Policy on free schooling devoid of the benefit of research leading to instant shortage of learning resources and
teachers.

5. When schools lack enough resources and facilities students become idle, bored and irritated which can lead to
violence at the slightest provocation.

6. The situation has been made worse by teacher’s shortages, hasn’t it?

7. The report stated that the morale of the teaching fraternity had reached rock-bottom.

8. Poor remuneration.

9. (i) lowest possible level.
(ii) lack of interest
(iii) without
(iv) political ideas that exploit the ordinary citizens.
marto answered the question on June 7, 2019 at 14:13


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