a. Carbon (IV) Oxide
Required in the dark stage of photosynthesis; it combines with the hydrogen ion from the light
stage; to form glucose, proteins and lipids; low concentrations reduces the rate of production of
energy and food; while high concentrations leads to an increase in the amount of energy and
food formed;
b. Light
It is used to break down water molecules (through photolysis); into hydrogen ions, oxygen and
energy;the energy and hydrogen ions formed are used in the dark stage;
c. Chlorophyll
Green pigment that traps light energy from the sun; that is used in photolysis of water
molecules;
d. Suitable temperature and pH
Temperature affects the enzymes involved in photosynthesis; suitable/optimum temperatures
activate enzymes; for maximum production of food; while extremely low temperatures
inactivate enzymes;leading to less or no production of food; high temperatures denature
enzymes; stopping the process of photosynthesis; photosynthetic enzymes work well in low pH;
so the rate is high; while higher pH reduces enzyme activity; lowering the rate of
photosynthesis;
e. Water
Forms a medium for the chemical reactions; it is split to yield hydrogen ions, oxygen and
energy for use in the dark stage; solvent for the materials used in photosynthesis;
Kavungya answered the question on May 13, 2021 at 13:01
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