• Cost accounting. This includes standard costing, opportunity cost analysis, marginal costing, differential costing and other cost techniques that play an important role in operation and control of the business undertaking.
• Budgetary control. This is the framing of budgets, comparison of actual performance with the budgeted performance, computation of variances etc.
• Revaluation accounting. This involves ensuring that capital is maintained intact in real terms and profit is calculated with this fact in minds.
• Inventory control. This involves the control over inventory from the time it is acquired till the final disposal.
• Financial accounting. Management accounting involves rearrangement of the information by financial accounting.
• Internal audit. This involves the development of a suitable internal audit system for internal control
• Taxation. This includes computation of income in accordance with the tax laws, filing of returns and making tax payments.
skilled writter answered the question on April 24, 2018 at 18:40
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State three limitations of auditing
(Solved)
State three limitations of auditing.
Date posted:
April 14, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Outline four contents of a letter of representation
(Solved)
Outline four contents of a letter of representation.
Date posted:
April 14, 2018
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Answers (1)
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a) Explain the following terms as used in auditing: (i) Audit risk. (ii) Inherent risk. (iii) Control risk. (iv) Detection risk.
(Solved)
(a) Explain the following terms as used in auditing:(i) Audit risk. (ii) Inherent risk. (iii) Control risk. iv) Detection risk.
Date posted:
April 14, 2018
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Answers (1)
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(a) Define the term recurring audit (b) State the circumstance under which the auditor may send a new engagement letter to the existing ...
(Solved)
(a) Define the term recurring audit (b) State the circumstance under which the auditor may send a new engagement letter to the existing ...
Date posted:
April 14, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Explain the procedures an auditor should follow before and after accepting nomination.
(Solved)
Explain the procedures an auditor should follow before and after accepting nomination.
Date posted:
April 10, 2018
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Answers (1)
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(a) Internal controls over non-current assets are designed to ensure the
orderly and efficient running of the business, adherence to management
policies, safeguarding of assets,...
(Solved)
(a) Internal controls over non-current assets are designed to ensure the
orderly and efficient running of the business, adherence to management
policies, safeguarding of assets, the prevention of fraud and error and
the completeness and accuracy of the accounting records.
Required:
List the internal controls that a small printing company with office
equipment, motor vehicles and plant and machinery should have in place
to achieve the objectives described above.
(b) Audit sampling is a technique for drawing conclusions about the
characteristics of a population by testing a sample drawn there from.
Internal and external auditors use it for both tests of controls, and
substantive testing.
Required:
Describe the following:
(i) Judgement sampling and statistical sampling;
(ii) A representative sample;
(iii) Tolerable error;
(iv) Two different methods of selecting a representative sample;
(v)The extrapolation of errors.
Date posted:
April 3, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Your firm is the newly appointed external auditor to a large company that
sells, maintains and leases office equipment and furniture to its customers
and...
(Solved)
Your firm is the newly appointed external auditor to a large company that
sells, maintains and leases office equipment and furniture to its customers
and you have been asked to co-operate with internal audit to keep total
audit costs down. The company wants the external auditors to rely on
some of the work already performed by internal audit.
The internal auditors provide the following services to the company:
(i) A cyclical audit of the operation of internal controls in the company’s
major functions (operations, finance, customer support and
information services);
(ii) A review of the structure of internal controls in each major function
every four years;
(iii) An annual review of the effectiveness of measures put in place by
management to minimise the major risks facing the company.
During the current year, the company has gone through a major internal
restructuring in its information services function and the internal auditors
have been closely involved in the preparation of plans for restructuring,
and in the related post-implementation review.
Required:
a) Explain the extent to which your firm will seek to rely on the work of
the internal auditors in each of the areas noted above.
b) Describe the information your firm will seek from the internal auditors
in order for you to determine the extent of your reliance.
c) Describe the circumstances in which it would not be possible to rely on
the work of the internal auditors.
d) Explain why it will be necessary for your firm to perform its own work
in certain audit areas in addition to relying on the work performed by
internal audit.
Date posted:
April 3, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Why would a company not share all its profits to shareholders?
(Solved)
Why would a company not share all its profits to shareholders?
Date posted:
March 30, 2018
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Answers (1)
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(a) What is meant by the term "fraud"? Give four examples of fraudulent activities.
(Solved)
(a) What is meant by the term "fraud"? Give four examples of fraudulent activities.
(b) What do you consider to be the auditor?s responsibilities in the course of
the normal annual audit in relation to the detection of fraud?
(c) Explain the way in which the auditor should approach and perform his work in order to meet these responsibilities.
Date posted:
March 28, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Emali Co. Ltd. has undergone a period of substantial growth following its establishment five years ago. At the last annual general meeting Smith &...
(Solved)
Emali Co. Ltd. has undergone a period of substantial growth following its establishment five years ago. At the last annual general meeting Smith & Co. Associates, a tow-partner firm of Certified Public Accountants were re-appointed as auditors. However, Smith & Co. Associates have decided that they do not have the necessary resources to audit the enlarge company.
Required:
a) Briefly, explain how Smith & Co. Associates may resign from its appointment before the next annual general meting.
b) How any a casual vacancy arising from the resignation of present auditors be filled and what procedures are necessary before the company‟s next annual general meeting at which the appointment will be presented for ratification?
c) Outline the steps the prospective auditor must take before deciding whether or not to accept the nomination as an auditor.
Date posted:
March 28, 2018
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Answers (1)
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(a) Explain why auditors carry out circularisation of debtors. (b) Distinguish between positive and negative debtors circularisation procedures. (c) Describe in...
(Solved)
(a) Explain why auditors carry out circularisation of debtors.
(b) Distinguish between „positive? and „negative? debtors circularisation procedures.
(c) Describe in detail the work you would carry out in scrutinizing the replies to the debtors circularisation and in confirming whether the debtors balances are collectable in the following situations:
i. where the debtor does not agree with the balance and states a difference; (6 marks)
ii. where the debtor reports that he cannot confirm the balance
iii. where no reply is received from the debtor
Date posted:
March 28, 2018
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Answers (1)
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You have been asked by the partners of your firm to prepare a draft memorandum on materiality which will provide guidance to members of...
(Solved)
You have been asked by the partners of your firm to prepare a draft memorandum on materiality which will provide guidance to members of staff in conducting the audit of the accounts of limited companies.
Required:
a)Define materiality.
b) Explain the importance of this concept to the auditor.
c) Suggest some criteria for determining cut-off point in order to assess the materiality of an error.
Date posted:
March 28, 2018
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Answers (1)
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John Mutiso bought shares of Sh.2 million six months ago in Kenya Company Limited which has since gone into liquidation. He intends to sue...
(Solved)
John Mutiso bought shares of Sh.2 million six months ago in Kenya Company Limited which has since gone into liquidation. He intends to sue XYZ & Co. Certified Public Accountants for the imminent loss of Sh. 2 million which he is likely to suffer. XYZ & Co. had audited the Kenya Company Ltd. The previous year and issued an unqualified report. John Mutiso claims that he solely relied on the audit report when he took that investment decision.
Required:
a) Do the auditors, XYZ & Co. have any liability to Mr. John Mutiso?
b) What circumstances must Mr. John Mutiso demonstrate if he has to succeed against the auditors?
c) State the measures XYZ & Co. should undertake to minimize potential liability for professional negligence.
Date posted:
March 28, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Distinguish between Accrual concept and Prudence concept
(Solved)
Distinguish between Accrual concept and Prudence concept.
Date posted:
March 23, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Explain the following concepts a).Depreciationb) Amortizationc) Depletion
(Solved)
Explain the following
a) Depreciation
b) Amortization
c) Depletion
Date posted:
March 23, 2018
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Answers (1)
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The auditing guideline on ‘recording’ requires audit working papers to be sufficient complete and detailed so that an experienced auditor who has no previous connection...
(Solved)
The auditing guideline on ‘recording’ requires audit working papers to be sufficient complete and detailed so that an experienced auditor who has no previous connection with the audit is able to subsequently ascertain from working papers the work performed and to further support the conclusions reached thereon.
Required:
(a) State four benefits that the auditor will obtain from the working papers that meet the above requirements.
(b) Outline the contents of a typical:
(i) Current audit file;
(ii) Permanent audit file.
Date posted:
March 22, 2018
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Answers (1)
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You are the audit manager in charge of Car Alarms Ltd. Whose financial year ended on 31 March 1993. Due to the tight schedule...
(Solved)
You are the audit manager in charge of Car Alarms Ltd. Whose financial year ended on 31 March 1993. Due to the tight schedule of your programmes you are unable to devote anytime at the client‟s premises. Therefore you have delegated the responsibility to the audit senior.
(a) State the procedures you would follow to control the audit up to completion stage.
(b) Explain the matters you would pay attention to in order to achieve you firm‟s quality control targets.
Date posted:
March 22, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Give four examples of internal audit work that may be used by the external auditor
(Solved)
Give four examples of internal audit work that may be used by the external auditor
Date posted:
March 22, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Explain the matters you would consider and the work you would perform to enable you assess the extent to which you would rely on the...
(Solved)
Explain the matters you would consider and the work you would perform to enable you assess the extent to which you would rely on the work of the internal audit department of your client
Date posted:
March 22, 2018
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Answers (1)
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Distinguish between internal audit and internal check ...
(Solved)
Distinguish between internal audit and internal check
Date posted:
March 22, 2018
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Answers (1)