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a)Grazing during INCOMPLETE dormant season is least damaging except for shrubs. At this time, the plant is not actively photosynthesizing and plant does not try to regrow after being grazed. However, grazing during this time may be detrimental to shrubs that are maintaining and forming buds which are accessible to herbivores.
b)Grazing when plants initiate growth =this has intermediate negative effect. The plant is actively growing and has significant demand for photosynthetic products. However, the conditions for growth are optimal. This active photosynthesis can provide the carbohydrates (CHOs) necessary for growth. During drought years this period of effective soil moisture may be limited and grazing may be detrimental until the plant becomes senescent.
c)Grazing during flower initiation through seed developments is most damaging. During this time, the plant’s demand for soluble CHOs is considerable as the plant is near peak biomass and is using CHOs for seed development. Defoliation can also be detrimental during this time because the conditions for active photosynthesis are less favorable and there is less time in the growing season to recover from defoliation.
jim items answered the question on January 16, 2019 at 07:35
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