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i. Harm to participants
? Physical, self-esteem, stress, prospects for future employment, inducing subjects to perform irreprehensible acts
a. Milgram experiments on shocks
b. Getting access to personal files that can jeopardize participants' employment
? Researcher should take responsibility to minimize possibility of harm to participants
ii. Lack of informed consent
? Mainly in the case of disguised or covert (concealed/secrete/clandestine) observation
? Participants have a right to refuse to participate which can be violated by covert observation
o They should know the nature of the research and its possible implications for them
? Not as easy in practice
? May not want to ‘contaminate’ responses
iii. Invasion of privacy
? Ethnographic studies may involve very many different people and contexts and hence informed consent may not be practicable. Some may not even be capable of understanding the issues at hand, a compromise may be sufficient
? Informed consent is related to harm to participants, without it, researcher is more culpable
? To what extent should the invasion of privacy be condoned?
? Related to informed consent where participant agrees to surrender some privacy
? Participants should be able to refuse to answer certain questions
? Covert methods also violate privacy in principle
iv. Deception
? This is quite pervasive in business research
? Presenting a research as something other than what it is eg. pretending to be someone else to get information that would not otherwise be given
ABA 431- Research Methods for Business Management Page 46 of 46
? Some elements of it may be necessary to avoid bias, but full disclosure should be made at the end of the study.
Kavungya answered the question on March 7, 2019 at 08:03
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