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Nitrogenous Fertilizers
Characteristics
Highly soluble in water.
Highly mobile in the soil hence it is applied as a top dress.
Easily leached because of the high solubility hence does not have residual effect on the soil.
Has scorching effect on young crops during wet seasons.
Easy to volatilize during hot season.
They have a tendency to cake under moist conditions.
They are hygroscopic hence should be stored in dry conditions.
Examples:
Sulphate of Ammonia (NH4) 2 SO4-
Physical appearance:
> white crystals,
> Has acidic effect,
> Contains 20% N.
Ammonium Sulphate Nitrate [(NH4),SO4+ NH4 NO;]
> Colour: granules which appear yellow orange,
> less acidic,
> contains 26% N.
Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN)
> Colour: greyish granules,
> neutral in nature,
> contains 21 % N.
Urea
> Colour: small whitish granules
> Easily leached or volatilized,
> contains 45- 46%N.
Phosphate Fertilizers
Has low solubility and immobile.
Non-scorching.
Has a high residual effect hence benefit the next season's crop.
Easy to store because they are not hygroscopic.
Examples;
Single super-phosphate
> Appearance: whitish, creamy white granules,
> contains 20-21 % P,O5
Double super-phosphate
> Appearance: dark greyish granules,
> Contains 40-42% P205
Triple super-phosphate
> Appearance: small greyish granules,
> Contain 44-48% P205
Potassic Fertilizers
Characteristics:
Has moderate scorching effect.
Moderately soluble in water.
Most Kenyan soils have sufficient potassium.
Examples;
Muriate of Potash (KCI)
> Contain 60 - 62% K10
> Slightly hygroscopic.
> Appearance amorphous white.
Sulphate of Potash (50% K10)
Compound or Mixed Fertilizers
These are fertilizers which supply 2 or more of the macronutrients.
Examples;
Mono ammonium phosphate.
Di-ammonium phosphate
20:20:20, 23:23:23
lemass answered the question on March 15, 2019 at 19:33
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