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Classify and discuss the various types of climate

Classify and discuss the various types of climate.

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Classifications

1. Hot climates
2. Warm climates
3. Cool climates
4. very cold climates
5. Mountain climates
6. micro/local climates

1.Hot/Tropical Climates

-Experienced within the tropical latitudes.

-Subdivided into:

(a) Equatorial climate
(b) Tropical monsoon climate
(c) Savannah climate/Sudan type
(d) Tropical desert climate
(e) Tropical marine climate

2.Equatorial climate

-Experienced in the following areas:
(a) Amazon basin in S. America
(b) Along west coast of Africa from guinea to Cote d’ Ivoire.
(c) Southern part of Nigeria through Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Congo to Zaire.
(d) S.E Asia in Malaysia, Indonesia and a stretch between Burma and Vietnam.

Characteristics

- High temperatures throughout the year (between 24-27^oc).
- Temperature neither rises nor drops too low due to thick cloud cover all year round.
- Low pressure all year round.
- There are no seasons.

3.Tropical Monsoon Climate

It’s found in the following areas (a) S.E Asia in parts of Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, S. china and Philippines.
(b) Along the northern coastal region of Australia.

Characteristics

- High mean annual temperatures of about 28^oc.
- Seasonal reversal of winds.
- Heavy rainfall when monsoon winds are onshore (600-1300mm) climate.
- Rain falls in a few months and the rest of the year is dry due to influence of latitude.
- Low pressure in summer when winds blow onshore.
- High pressure in summer when winds blow offshore.
- Cloudy skies in summer and clear skies in winter.

4.Tropical Marine Climate

It’s found on windward slopes of islands and coastal areas on the east of continents under the influence of S.E Trade Winds in the following areas:
(a) C. America in S. Mexico through Guatemala, Nikaragua and Panama.
(b) N. coast of S. America.
(c) Caribbean islands of Cuba, Haiti and Jamaica.
(d) Coastlands of E. Africa from Kenya, Tanzania through Mozambique and E. Malagasy.

Characteristics

- Summer temperatures are very high approximately 30^oC.
- High rainfall totals in summer when winds are onshore (1000-2000mm).
- Orographic and convectional rainfall in summer.
- Dry winters due to winds being offshore.
-High humidity due to coastal location.
- Experiences tropical cyclones towards end of hot season.
- Winters are cool (about 21^oC).

5.Tropical Continental/Savanna/ Sudan type

-The largest natural climatic region in Africa.
It’s found in the following areas:
(a) In Africa it extends from Senegal through E. Africa to the northern part of s. Africa.
(b) Western Madagascar.
(c) A broad belt in N. Australia.
(d) N.W and S.E of Amazon Basin called Llanos and Campos.

Characteristics

- Higher temperatures of up to 32^oC in hot season.
- Large diurnal range of temperature in dry season.
- Convectional rainfall in summer averaging 765 mm annually.
- High humidity during the hot wet season.
-Low humidity in cooler drier months.
-Prevailing winds are mainly trade winds.

marto answered the question on March 26, 2019 at 05:38

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Classify and discuss the various types of climate

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