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Components of food security

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1.Food availability
This implies that sufficient quantities of appropriate, necessary types of food from domestic
production, commercial imports, or donors are consistently available to individuals or are in
reasonable proximity to them or within reach. Food availability is influenced by the
availability seeds, pest infestation/attack, weather conditions, availability of pasture, lack of acreage under cultivation, labour availability and insecurity issues. The amount of food used by households, traded or stored, all influence food availability. However, food availability does not ensure food accessibility. Government policies must also contribute to equal distribution of food within nations, regions, and communities. In addition, for food to be accessible, individuals and families must be able to afford the food prices on the market.

2.Food stability
Food stability is influenced by both supply and access factors. Incidences of recurrent
draught, unpredictable weather changes result in variation in food production, food prices,
export prices of food items, movement of food commodities and change in production
techniques.

3.Food accessibility
This implies that individuals have adequate incomes or other resources to purchase or barter
to obtain levels of appropriate foods needed to maintain consumption of an adequate diet and
nutritional level. Many factors affect people’s access to food. These include:
- Seasonal patterns i.e. the main food crops produced may not be sufficient to meet the
household needs at all times
- Cultural factors i.e. In some cultures certain foods are a taboo to eat.
- Reduced purchasing power i.e. where households can’t afford the foods in
shops/markets
- Geographic obstacles to markets e.g. rivers
- Insecurity; food may be in the market but the market may be inaccessible because of
conflicts.

Titany answered the question on November 8, 2021 at 08:38

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