EPSC 121: Introduction to Psychology Notes
Institution: Kisii university
Course: Bachelor of Arts in Psychology
Content Category: University Schemes of Work
Posted By: 07164180xx
Document Type: PPTX
Number of Pages: 16
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Summary
a) Definition and meaning of psychology - The term psychology has a Greek origin – ‘psyche’ – meaning mind or soul, and ‘logos’ – meaning study or line of teaching. - Wilhelm Wundt (1894) a German psychologist and philosopher defined psychology as a science of consciousness or immediate experiences. To him, the main task of psychologists was to describe and explain the state of consciousness through introspection (the examination or observation of one's own mental and emotional processes) . However, this view was rejected because it excluded the sub-conscious and unconscious states of the mind and due to the subjective nature of the method of introspection.
Pillsburg and later Watson defined psychology as a science of behaviour. They argued that science is rooted in observation of external behaviour in respect to its reaction to external stimuli.
• Today, psychologists are concerned with all immediate experiences and mental processes. This, erupted with all earlier concerns bring about the present definition of psychology: as The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes, by behaviour is meant the manifestation of life activities – in terms of: motor activities – movement, eating, crying, smiling, cognitive activities – thinking, reasoning, imagining etc and; affective activities – feelings, hating, loving etc.
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