i) Budgetary slack is a limiting factor that restricts further production
Principal budget factor- Main components which have to be budgeted for. They are the most
important cost or resources that have to be budgeted for i.e. gives the first priority
ii) Pudding the budget -This is the process of making few adjustments or correction to the original
budget where the original budget is not attainable or has mistakes
Rolling budget –This is the process of preparing a budget based on the previous period budget
In this process we make the estimated charges in revenues and cost on the previous period budget to
give us the current period budget
marto answered the question on February 26, 2019 at 05:26
-
Bright Retailers Ltd. operates a budgetary control system. The following is the company's profit
forecast for the six months period ending 31 March 2012:
(Solved)
Bright Retailers Ltd. operates a budgetary control system. The following is the company's profit
forecast for the six months period ending 31 March 2012:
Additional information:
1. 25%, of the sales are on cash basis. The balance is receivable three months after the month of
sale.
2. A generator worth Sh.600,000 was procured in September 2011. The supplier would install and
test the generator for three months whereas the payment will be made in January 2012.
3. Payment for raw materials is made to suppliers two months after delivery.
4. A dividend of Sh.900,000 will be paid in December 2011.
5. Rent for three months is payable in advance on the first day of each quarter.
6. Advertising expenses are paid three months in arrears.
7. 75% of the wages are paid in the month they are incurred with the balance being paid in the
following month.
8. The company's cost accountant estimates the closing cash balance for the quarter ending
December 2011 to be Sh.1 million.
Required:
A cash budget for the quarter ending 31 March 2012
Date posted:
February 25, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Explain five factors to consider when preparing a sales forecast for a cash budget.
(Solved)
Explain five factors to consider when preparing a sales forecast for a cash budget.
Date posted:
February 22, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Outline three differences between budgets and standards.
(Solved)
Outline three differences between budgets and standards.
Date posted:
February 22, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Differentiate between the following types of budgets
i) Functional budget and master budget.
ii) Rolling budget and incremental budget.
(Solved)
Differentiate between the following types of budgets
i) Functional budget and master budget.
ii) Rolling budget and incremental budget.
Date posted:
February 22, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
XYZ Ltd. Carries on its business in Nairobi. The company has been reporting its profits using
absorption costing system. During the financial year ended 30 September...
(Solved)
XYZ Ltd. Carries on its business in Nairobi. The company has been reporting its profits using
absorption costing system. During the financial year ended 30 September 2005, the following
summary statement was provided:
Date posted:
February 22, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Jogi Transporters operate in the transport industry. On 1 December 2005, the management
acquired a new lorry to meet customer needs and cater for the increase...
(Solved)
Jogi Transporters operate in the transport industry. On 1 December 2005, the management
acquired a new lorry to meet customer needs and cater for the increase in business volume.
The following information relates to the initial and maintenance cost of the lorry.
Additional information:
1. The lorry has an economic life of 4 years.
2. The lorry has 6 tyres after each costing Sh.8000
3. Service is carried out after every 5,000 kilometres.
4. On average the lorry covers 20 kilometres per litre of fuel consumed.
5. The lorry is projected to cover 100,000 kilometres in January 2006, 25,000 kilometres in
Required:
Prepare a schedule for the three months showing
i. Variable costs per kilometer
ii. Fixed costs per kilometer
iii. Total costs per kilometer
c) Fixed costs are actually variable cost
With reference to (b) above explain whether you agree or disagree with the statement.
February 2006 and 50,000 kilometres in March 2006.
Date posted:
February 22, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
State the limitations of break – even analysis.
(Solved)
State the limitations of break – even analysis.
Date posted:
February 22, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
ABC limited manufactures and sells a single product branded “Zed”. The following data has been
extracted from the budgets and standard costs to product “Zed”.
(Solved)
ABC limited manufactures and sells a single product branded 'Zed'. The following data has been
extracted from the budgets and standard costs to product 'Zed'.
Date posted:
February 22, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Highlight six limitations of cost-volume-profit analysis.
(Solved)
Highlight six limitations of cost-volume-profit analysis.
Date posted:
February 22, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Describe the difference between the accountant's and the economist's model of cost-volume profit
analysis.
(Solved)
Describe the difference between the accountant's and the economist's model of cost-volume profit
analysis.
Date posted:
February 22, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Tec Ltd. manufactures a single product branded 'Zed' for sale on the local and international
market.
The cost structure per unit of product 'Zed' is as follows:
(Solved)
Tec Ltd. manufactures a single product branded 'Zed' for sale on the local and international
market.
The cost structure per unit of product "'zed' is as follows:
Additional information:
1. The current sales level for the company amounts to Sh. 800,000.
2. The fixed overheads per unit have been calculated based on the current sales level of 4,000
units.
Required:
i) Sales price per unit.
ii) Current profit or loss.
iii) Break even point in units and shillings.
iv) Suggest four measures that could be taken to improve the current profit position
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Sifa Ltd. manufactures and sells a single product. The following information regarding the
company for the year ended 31 October 2014 is provided:
(Solved)
Sifa Ltd. manufactures and sells a single product. The following information regarding the
company for the year ended 31 October 2014 is provided:
The following changes are expected to occur during the year ending 31 October 2015:
1. Variable selling and distribution expenses will reduce by 5% due to increased efficiency of the
sales staff.
2. Variable overheads will increase by 3%.
3. Labour cost will reduce by 4%.
4. Material cost will increase by 2% due to inflation.
5. Selling price will reduce by 3% in order to attract customers.
6. No stock is expected at the end of the period.
Required;-
i) Expected break even sales for the year ending 31 October 2015.
ii) Expected margin of safety in sales value for the year ending 31 October 2015.
iii) Expected sales value at which a profit of Sh.2, 250,000 will be realised.
iv) A summary of the operating statement to show net profit in (b) (iii) above.
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Jitegemee limited company uses a process costing system in its operation. In one of the production processes, two joint products A and B and a...
(Solved)
Jitegemee limited company uses a process costing system in its operation. In one of the
production processes, two joint products A and B and a by-product C are produced
The following additional information is provided:
1. Each processing run requires 12,500 kilograms of output.the costs incurred are as follow:-
2. It is expected that 20% of the input will be damaged in the production process. This is sold as
scrap at sh. 10 per kilogram. The damaged items are detected at the end of the production
process.
3. The output from the production process is as follows:-
4. Product A has to be processed further at a cost of sh. 100 per kilogram before sale
5. The joint costs are allocated to the products on the basis of net releasable value
Required:
i. Determine the total cost of the output from the production process
ii. Calculate the allocated joint costs for product A and product B
iii. Prepare a process account for the production process above
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
The following information is obtained in respect of process 2 of the month of September;
(Solved)
The following information is obtained in respect of process 2 of the month of September;
There was a normal loss in the process of 10% of production units' scrapped realized sh. 50 per unit,
use FIFO method
Required:
i. Statement of production
ii. Statement of cost and evaluation
iii. Process account
iv. Abnormal loss / gain account
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
a) Calculate the cost of completed units transferred to process 3
b) Calculate the value of closing WIP
c) Show (i) Process 2 account
(ii) Abnormal Gain account
(Solved)
Required:
a) Calculate the cost of completed units transferred to process 3
b) Calculate the value of closing WIP
c) Show (i) Process 2 account
(ii) Abnormal Gain account
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Kenya chemical industries limited, process a range of products including bleaching detergent which
passes three processes before completion and transferred to finished goods store. The following
information...
(Solved)
Kenya chemical industries limited, process a range of products including bleaching detergent which
passes three processes before completion and transferred to finished goods store. The following
information was extracted from the books of the company for the month of October.
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
The manufacturing process of ABC limited results in three products namely Exe, Wye and Zed
(Solved)
The manufacturing process of ABC limited results in three products namely Exe, Wye and Zed
Additional information;-
1. The final selling prices per litre of products Exe, Wye and Zed are shs.15, shs.18 and shs.4
respectively.
2. There are no further costs associated with by product Zed
3. Product Wye requires further processing at a cost of sh. 1.50 per litre
4. All the three products incur packaging costs of sh. 0.50 per litre before they are sold.
Required:
i) Calculate the number of equivalent units produced
ii) Calculate the costs of products Exe and Wye
iii) Apportion the common costs to joint products based on sales at the point of separation
iv) Prepare process II account for the month of January 2008
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
Good Hope Pharmaceutical Company purchases raw material that is processed to yield three
chemicals namely;Zetamol,Paramol, and Bethamol.In January 2009,the company purchased 10,000
kilogrammes of the raw material...
(Solved)
Good Hope Pharmaceutical Company purchases raw material that is processed to yield three
chemicals namely;Zetamol,Paramol, and Bethamol.In January 2009,the company purchased 10,000
kilogrammes of the raw material nat a cost of sh.2,500,000 and incurred joint conversion costs of
sh.700,000.Sales and production information for the month of January wered as follows;
Zetamol and Paramol are sold to other pharmaceutical companies at the split off point. Bethamol can
be sold at the split off point or processed further and packaged for sale as an asthma medication.
Required
Allocate the joint costs to the three products using;
i) The physical units sold
ii) The sales value at split off method
iii) The net realizable value method
iv) Suppose that half the production of Paramol could be purified and mixed with all the
production of Zetamol to yield parazetamol.All further processing costs amount to
sh.350,000.The selling price for parazetamol is sh.1,120 per kilogramme.Advise the company
on whether to further process Zetamol into 2,000 kilogrammes of parazetamol.
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
ABC Company limited produces four products A, B, C and D
The following information is provided
1. The joint processing requires 10,000 kilograms of raw materials input,...
(Solved)
ABC Company limited produces four products A, B, C and D
The following information is provided
1. The joint processing requires 10,000 kilograms of raw materials input, costing sh. 6 million
2. Joint process labour and material costs are sh. 5,920,000
3. Normal loss is 20% of raw material input, with product A's output being 2000 kilogram mes,
product B's output being 2,500 kilogram mes, product C's output being 2,500 kilogram mes and
the balance being from product D. No abnormal loss was reported.
4. Product A enters into process 2 incurring a further cost of sh. 1,255,000 , product B enters
process 3 incurring a further cost of sh. 1,493,750 product C enters into process 4 incurring a
further cost of sh. 1,118,750. Product D does not require additional processing. There are no
further processing costs.
5. The company‟s policy is to apportion joint costs on the basis of output
6. The selling price of each unit of products A, B C and D is sh. 1,500, sh. 3,460, sh. 2760 and sh.
1,000 respectively.
7. The company is in the process of analyzing the performance of each product in order to make
better decisions.
Required:
a) i) Cost per unit of product A
ii) Profit and loss statement for each individual product and for the company in a columnar
format
b) The company's management intends to start using the net realizable value method to allocate
joint costs. Show how this method would affect the profitability of individual products and that
of the company in (a) (ii) above.
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)
-
a) Explain why it is necessary to distinguish between direct labour and indirect labour, with
particular reference to the effect on gross profit and net profit.
b)...
(Solved)
a) Explain why it is necessary to distinguish between direct labor and indirect labor, with
particular reference to the effect on gross profit and net profit.
b) Unique Ltd. manufactures a single product. The product passes through three processes before
completion. In the month of January 2013, the following data was recorded in respect to process
Required:
i) Statement of equivalent production.
ii) Statement of costs.
iii) Process 2 account
Date posted:
February 21, 2019
.
Answers (1)