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Study the map of East Africa below and use it to answer question.

Study the map of East Africa below and use it to answer question.

mba.png

a)Identify the minerals in the parts marked A, B, C and D.

(b)
(i) Apart from solution method, give three other methods of underground mining..

(ii) Describe how minerals are extracted using solution method.

(c) State four negative effects of mining on the environment.

(d) Explain four contributions of petroleum production to the economies of Middle East countries.

Answers

Martin
a)
A- Titanium
B- Soda ash
C - Gold
D - Limestone

b)
i)
- Vertical Shaft
- Adit /drift
- Drilling

ii)
- This method is used to extract sulphur, salt, and potash.
- A vertical hole is drilled using a machines to reach the zone with the mineral.
- Three pipes are inserted through the holes to reach the deposit.
- Super heated water is passed into the deposit through the first pipe.
- After the mineral melts/dissolves, hot compressed air is pumped into the underground to create pressure.
- The dissolved or molten mineral then rises to the surface through the third larger pipe.
- At the surface, water is evaporated leaving the mineral

c)
- Occurrence of derelict land
- Destruction of vegetation / clearing of vegetation
- Loss of biodiversity in the area
- Dust from limestone blasts pollutes the air
- Large open pits destroy the beauty of land
- Heaps of rock waste promotes soil erosion

d)
- Middle East countries earn foreign exchange from exports of crude oil and refined petroleum products e.g. Saudi Arabia
- The petroleum industry provides employment opportunities to many people who earn income thus improving their standards of living.
-Revenues obtained from the sale of petroleum has enabled Middle East countries to develop efficient roads, railways health and education institutions
marto answered the question on September 11, 2019 at 06:54

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