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Explain the various contributions made by Muslim scholars in Science.

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i. The Prophet (p.b.u.h) laid the foundation to the development of science by encouraging Muslims to learn e.g. he taught Muslims on facts about science e.g. he said “the abdomen is the source of all ailments”

ii. Muslims scholars excelled in chemistry and laid foundations e.g. Jabir Ibn Hayyan (803 CE) is regarded as the father of Chemistry.

iii. Ibn Sina wrote 246 books in different science e.g. Canons of medicine which was a chief guide for medical colleges in the west from the 12th to 17th century, he discovered TB, meningitis and close to 760 drugs.

iv. In ophthalmology, Hunain Ibn Ishaq, the head of the famous school of translator founded by Khalif Maamum wrote the first systematic book on ophthalmology.

v. In the filed of medicine Al-Razi wrote over 200 books on medicine. He was a physician and a scientist.

vi. Al-Zahrawi was a famous surgeon who treated patients and taught students from the Muslims world and Europe. His book ‘medical encyclopedia contained 30 sections of surgical knowledge and illustration of 200 surgical instruments; the encyclopedia was used as a standard textbook on surgery in Europe; he was the first to use silk thread in stitching wounds.
vii. In pharmacy al-Idrisi collected plants and data not reported before him from which a large number of drugs became available to medical practitioners.

viii. Ibn Al-Baitar was one of the greatest scientists and botanist, he went on mainly expeditions to African and Asia to collect plants, and his book is one of the greatest botanical compilations dealing with medical plant.

ix. Al-Khuwarizmi was the first great Muslim mathematician who invented algebra which was further developed by other Muslim scholars like Umar-al-Hayyam.

x. Al-Batani is considered one of the greatest astronomers of Islam; he discovered the accurate determination of the solar year as 365 days, 5 hours 46 minutes and 24 second as which is very close to modern estimates.

xi. In the field of philosophy al-kindi is considered as the first philosopher in Islam.

xii. In geography Ibn Majid invented the compass to determine directions which is in use up to now.

xiii. In geology Al-Bairuni was the first known writer t identify the formation of sedimentary rocks and the great geological changes that happened in the past.

marto answered the question on September 13, 2019 at 09:37

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Explain the various contributions made by Muslim scholars in Science.

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