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Agrarian Revolution Topical Questions and Answers: Form 1 History and Government

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AGRARIAN REVOLUTION
1. a) State three factors which contributed to the development of
agriculture in ancient Egypt.
i) Availability of water for irrigation/presence of flood water.
ii) Existence of good soils deposited by the Nile during annual floods.
iii) Foreign influence from South West Asia where crop farming was first practiced.
iv) Invention and use of farming tools/ploughs/iron tools.
v) Favourable topographic factors enabled Egyptians to use canal irrigation.
vi) Invention of the shadoof and other methods of irrigation by the Egyptians.
vii) Contribution of the Egyptian rulers eg. Menes who dominated the Nile.
viii) Storage tanks and knowledge of weather forecast.
b) Explain six factors which have led to inadequate food supply in Africa.
i. Rapid population growth has put a lot of pressure on the available food resources, leading to shortages.
ii. Poor transport network has led to uneven distribution of food supplies in some African countries,
iii. Poor and inadequate storage facilities have led to wastage of a lot of food.
iv. Most African countries lack adequate capital for agriculture development/financial problems,
v. Poor farming methods have led to low agricultural yields,
vi. The eating habits have created artificial food shortages in Africa as some people prefer certain types of the drought resistance crops.
vii. Political stability in some African countries has undermined food production due to insecurity,
viii. Infertile soils.
ix. Conservative attitude of Africans in adopting modern farming methods.
x. Decline in growing of the drought resistance crops.
xi. Poor economic planning/no motivation to farmers/poor marketing facilities.
xii. Low income/poverty
xiii. Land tenure systems in some African countries.
xiv. Food production has been affected by rural - urban migration, which has created shortage of labour in the agricultural sectors.
xv. Overdependence on donations and foreign aid has made it difficult for African countries to find solutions to their problems of food shortage/importation,
xvi. Over - emphasis of cash crops has led to the decline of food production,
xvii. Destructive human activities such as cutting down of trees have turned productive land into wasteland thus leading to low food production.
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