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Form 4 History and Government Topical Questions and Answers on Forms of Government

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1. a) What arguments are advanced in favour of one party system of
government in the USSR?
i) Promotion of national unity - is by minimizing political conflicts based on ethnic or regional or religious consideration,
ii) Promotion of development - because people's energies are concentrated on development and not divisive party policies,
iii) Vanguard of revolution changes- therefore it should have the sole responsibility of running the state,
iv) Promotion of the interests of the working class - a one party system of government makes it easier to organize and promote the interests of the working class which is the important class in the society,
v) Embodiment of the national identity - one party state promotes direct contact between the people and the government.
vi) It is argued that it promotes the best form of democracy in the world and allows discussions in the party.
b) Described the structure of the government in USSR?
i) Federal government - is in-charge of running the whole country of union through the Supreme Soviet, the presidium and the council of ministries,
ii) Republican government - the Soviet Union is composed of union republics and autonomous republics, which have their own government responsible for running affairs in each of the republics,
iii) Local government- At the local level the organs of states power are the soviet of working people deputies they are elected by the people of the respective territories region areas district cities or localities. They are responsible for maintaining public order and directly local economic and cultural affairs and draw p the local budgets,
iv) The Supreme Soviet - This is the highest organ of the soviet government. It consists of two chambers, the soviet of the union and the soviet of Nationalities. It is elected for a term of 4 years and is headed by a chairman. But it meets only once or twice a year. In the interim it delegates its powers to the presidium of the Supreme Soviet.
v) The Presidium - It is the authority to convene the sessions of the supreme soviet, issue decrees and interpret soviet laws, dissolve the supreme soviet and order new elections, order referendums, annual decisions and order ministers if they do not conform to laws, appoint and remove the high command of armed forces, declare war, ratifying international treaties, receive letters of credence of foreign diplomats and appoint minister if they don't conform to laws.
vi) The council of ministers / cabinet - it is responsible and accountable to the Supreme Soviet, or in the intervals between the sessions of the Supreme Soviet, to the presidium. The council directs the work of ;the ministries, prepares the national economic plan and budget, overseas public order, exercises general guidelines over foreign affairs, fixes the annual quota of citizens to be called up for military service, and can set up special committees and central administrations of economic and cultural affairs and defence. The council of ministers has a chairman sometimes called premier or prime minister
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