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Introduction to Nutrition Epidemiology Training Manual

Institution: Kenya Medical Training college

Course: Diploma in Nutrition and Dietetics

Content Category: Manuals

Posted By: 35824167

Document Type: DOCX

Price: KES 150
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Summary

Download new updated Kenya Medical Training college notes. for faculty in public Health Sciences Nutrition and dietetics department. the notes are well detailed to student s undertaking diploma in Nutrition and Dietetics.
Brief Overview of the documents
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO EPIDEMIOLOGY
Unit objective
By the end of the unit learners should be able to:
1. Introduction to epidemiology
2. Definition of terms used in introduction to nutrition epidemiology
3. Explain the history of epidemiology
4. State the goals and the scope of epidemiology
1.1 Introduction
The world is faced with numerous diseases. Sometimes entirely new diseases arise, after which ways of curing and preventing them must be found. Since ancient times, new diseases have always posed a great threat to the world because a cure has to be developed to counter them. In the absence of a cure, a disease may wipe out large populations. It is from studies and investigations carried out following the outbreak of bubonic plague (14th century), small pox (16th century) and flu in 1918 that epidemiology emerged as an independent field of science. These diseases are referred to as classical diseases.
The word epidemiology was derived from the Greek word epidemos –
epi meaning "upon"
demos meaning "people".
The ancient Greek physician Hippocrates (born around 460 BC) used the word epidemeion to refer to diseases that visit the community, meaning they occurred from time to time, in contrast to endemeion, diseases which resided within the community.
Disease occurrence in a population is not evenly distributed. It occurs in clusters based on a number of factors such as age group, sex, physical location and time. This implies that certain factors lead to the development of disease in some people and not in others. This fact leads us to ask questions such as the following:
- what disease affects the population?
- who is affected by the disease?
- where are those affected by the disease?
- why are they affected?
- when are they usually affected by the disease?
- why do diseases occur in certain people and not others?
- what factors are responsible for development of the disease?

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