1. Division of Labour: The more people specialize, the more efficiently they can perform their work. This principle is epitomized by the modern production assembly lines.
2. Authority: Managers must give orders so that they can get things done. While their formal authority gives them the right to command, managers will not always compel obedience unless they have personal authority (such as relevant expertise) as well.
3. Discipline: Members in an organization need to respect the rules and agreements that govern the organization. To Fayol, discipline results from good leadership at all levels of the organization, air agreements (such as provisions for rewarding superior performance),and judiciously enforced penalties for infractions. In organisations today one finds a handbook that outlines rules and regulations.
4. Unity of Command: Each employee must receive instructions from only one person. Fayol believed that when an employee reported to more than one manager, conflicts in instructions and confusion of authority would result.
5. Unity of Direction: Those operations within the organization that have the same objective should be directed by only one manager using one plan. e.g. the personnel department in a company should not have two directors, each with a different hiring policy.
6. Subordination of the individual interest to the common good. In any undertaking, the interests of employees should not take precedence over the interests of the organization as a whole. It is common practice today to find organizations that prohibit leave in peak seasons.
7. Remuneration: Compensation for work done should be fair to both employees and employers.
8. Centralization: Decreasing the role of subordinates in decision making is centralization; increasing the role is decentralization. Fayol believed that managers should retain final responsibility, but should t the same time give their subordinates enough authority to do their jobs properly. The problem is to find the proper degree of centralization in each case.
9. Hierarchy of Authority: The line of authority in an organization (often represented by the neat boxes and lines of the organization chart) runs in order of rank from top management to the lowest level of the enterprise.
10. Order: Materials and people should be in the right place at the right time. People, in particular, should be in the jobs or positions in which they are best-suited. In organizations it is common practice for management to allocate people specific sitting positions in the office.
11. Equity: Managers should be both friendly and fair to their subordinates.
12. Stability of staff: A high employee turnover rate undermines the efficient functioning of an organization.
13. Initiative: Subordinates should be given the freedom to conceive and carry out their plans, even though some mistakes may result.
14. Esprit de Corps: Promoting team spirit will give the organization a sense of unity. To Fayol, even small factors should help to develop the spirit. He suggested, for example, the use of verbal communication instead of formal, written communication whenever possible. The 14 principles are relevant today since they are still being applied in modern organizations.
Kavungya answered the question on April 28, 2021 at 09:06
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Committees are sometimes prone to abuse. Describe the steps that should be taken in order to ensure effective performance of committees.
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Committees are sometimes prone to abuse. Describe the steps that should be taken in order to ensure effective performance of committees.
Date posted:
April 28, 2021
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Explain the circumstances when an organization would find it appropriate to use committees.
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Explain the circumstances when an organization would find it appropriate to use committees.
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April 28, 2021
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MAZIWA DAIRIES LTD
Maziwa Dairies Ltd. processes and distributes milk and milk products. Ngure, the proprietor of the business inherited the business from his father. He...
(Solved)
MAZIWA DAIRIES LTD
Maziwa Dairies Ltd. processes and distributes milk and milk products. Ngure, the proprietor of the business inherited the business from his father. He is conversant with details of buying, advertising and depot management.
Each one of his depot managers and branch staff meet once every two weeks to review progress on operations. Ngure visits each depot every 2 to 3 days each week to work and supervise the branch managers.
Ngure is worried about communication and the level of motivation among the employees of the enterprise. He feels that at the fortnightly meetings he had held, all his mangers and staff listened carefully, but judging from their actions, he has begun to wonder whether they had understood what he said. Ngure has noted that many o his policies were not being strictly followed,. For instance, in the stores, he often had to re-write advertising messages, while in some of the depots, the employees were talking of joining a workers union.
Managers and employees were quoted as saying that they did not know the intentions of their employer. They believed that they could do better if they had an opportunity to communicate with Mr. Ngure and his assistants at the head office.
On his part, Ngure feels that many of his managers in the head office and in the depots as well as most of the employees are merely doing their job. They are not showing any real imagination or drive. He is also concerned that some of his best employees had quit and taken positions with a competitor. Mr. Ngure has approached a management consultant to advise him on the best way to motivate his staff and communicate better.
Required:
a)Identify and briefly explain the communication problems afflicting Maziwa Dairies Ltd.
and suggest ways of solving the problems.
b)What incentives would Ngure offer his staff in order to motivate them?
Date posted:
April 28, 2021
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Answers (1)
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Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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April 27, 2021
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Sound staff selection procedure is a vital element of human resources planning. Discuss.
Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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Diversification is important in every dynamic organization.
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Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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April 27, 2021
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April 27, 2021
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Outline the components of Total Quality Management (TQM).
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April 27, 2021
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Describe ways in which managerial functions enhance productivity in the organization.
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April 27, 2021
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Suggest the measures that management may adopt to overcome constraints.
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April 27, 2021
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What are the constraints to effective planning?
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April 27, 2021
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Explain the relationship between corporate strategic plans and operational plans.
Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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How can management overcome barriers to effective implementation of innovation and change in an organization.
Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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Answers (1)
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The manager is frequently faced with the task of introducing change in the organization.
What are the reasons for innovation and change in the organization?
(Solved)
The manager is frequently faced with the task of introducing change in the organization.
What are the reasons for innovation and change in the organization?
Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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Answers (1)
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Identify and explain the sources of managerial power.
(Solved)
Identify and explain the sources of managerial power.
Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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Answers (1)
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(Solved)
Explain the responsibilities of a production engineer in an organization.
Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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Answers (1)
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Write short notes on the following:
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(Solved)
Write short notes on the following:
i) Job production
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iii) Batch production
Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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Answers (1)
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Ngura works as a research and development manager in a manufacturing firm. He joined the firm five years ago as a research assistant. The organization...
(Solved)
Ngura works as a research and development manager in a manufacturing firm. He joined the firm five years ago as a research assistant. The organization for which Ngura works has a policy whereby vacant positions are filled from within the organization.
Management relies on the outcome of performance appraisals to identify employees for promotion. The appraisals are carried out annually. The appraisal exercise of the organization has not been dome objectively and superiors have been awarding grades arbitrarily. Many of the employees have been awarded high grades even when their performance does not deserve high grades.
Early in the year, the position of the head of the research and development department fell vacant and employees were encouraged to apply for the job. Ngura felt capable of performing the job, applied and was invited for an interview. Consequently he was awarded the promotion and took up the post of head of research and development department.
It has become apparent that Ngura is not very co-operative with staff in other departments. In his own department he over delegates to his subordinates because he is incapable of handling the tasks involved in the higher job. There have been occasions when assistants have not completed work to the satisfaction of management but when asked to explain, Ngura explains that employees know what is expected of them and they should therefore work, for they are paid for it.
Required:
a) State and explain the guidelines that management should have followed to ensure the success of the performance appraisal.
b) Identify and explain the weaknesses in Ngura’s style of management and suggest measures that should be taken to address the weaknesses.
Date posted:
April 27, 2021
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Answers (1)