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Tumia neno msomi kama nomino na kama kivumishi katika sentensi.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Andika kinyume cha sentensi hii.
Mama alienda sokoni jana asubuhi.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Andika sentensi hii kwa udogo wingi.
Mti ulikatwa ukatengeneze kiti.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Tunga sentensi moja ukitumia kiunganishi cha kuongeza.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Tumia kiambishi ndi- pamoja na kiwakilishi huru cha nafsi ya kwanza wingi.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Sodium hydroxide may be manufactured by the electrolysis of brine as in the diagram below:-
(i) State the chemical name of brine
(ii) Write the equations for the reactions at the electrodes
-Anode
-Cathode
(iii) Explain how sodium hydroxide is obtained from the product of this process
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Eleza kanuni ya kutia shadda katika lugha ya Kiswahili.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Toa mfano wa maneno mawili ambayo yana sauti mwambatano mbili.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Taja sifa mbili za irabu /e/ na /i/ ambazo zinafanana.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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UHUSIANO WA FASIHI NA HISTORIA
Historia na fasihi zina uhusiano wa karibu sana hasa fasihi ya kihistoria. Hata hivyo fasihi sio
historia na historia si fasihi kwa sababu hizi ni taaluma mbili ambazo zina uhusiano tu. Hata hivyo, fasihi
na historia zina mambo ambayo yanafana na yale ambayo hayafanani.
Kati ya mambo ambayo yanafanana ni kwamba fasihi na historia wakati mwingine huweza kuwa
na wahusika ambao wanafanana kitabia, kimaumbile na hata wakati mwingine matendo ya kukumbukwa
waliyofanywa. Mfano ni katika shairi la “Hongera Rais Moi” katika diwani ya ' Malenga wa ziwa kuu'
ambapo mhusika ni rais Moi na mhusika kama yule pia aliishi katika kipindi Fulani katika nchi ya Kenya.
Jambo jingine ambalo linapatikana katika fasihi na pia kinaoana na historia ni mandhari. Wakati
mwingine, mandhari ambayo ni ya kihistoria yanakaribiana sana na ya kifasihi na hata wakati mwingine
kufanana. Mandhari ya shamba la bwana Delamon katika 'kilio cha haki' yanaweza kuwa shamba lolote na
mabwanyenye kama hata ni ya Bwana Dalamere.
Wakati mwingine matukio katika fasihi huwa karibu sawa na yale ambayo yanapatikana katika
historia ya kawaida. Mfano katika shairi la ' wasifu wa baba Kenyatta', mhusika mkuu yasemekana
alipigania uhuru wa nchi ambayo aliiongoza. Matukio kama kufungwa jela ambayo mhusika huyu
anapitia katika kujaribu kukomboa nchi ni sawa na yale ambayo mhusika wa kihistoria ambaye ni rais wa
kwanza wa nchi ya Kenya.
Pia, wakati mwingi historia na fasihi huwa na maudhui na dhamira sawa. Tamthilia kama 'Mstahiki
Meya' ambayo nia yake ni kuonyesha jinsi waafrika ambao walichuukua uongozi baada ya ukoloni
walivyowanyanyasa waafrika wenzao yaweza kuwa sawa na historia ambapo waafrika ambao
walichukua uongozi waliwanyanyasa waafrika wenzao.
Uhusiano mwingine wa karibu ni kwamba wakati mwingine fasihi huchota kutoka kwa historia na
inapofanya hivyo fasihi hiyo inakuwa ya kufanana sana na historia yenyewe.Mfano ni kitabu cha
mzalendo kimathi ambapo matukio mengi katika kitabu hicho kinadhihirisha kwamba kimechota kutoka
kwa historia. Pia baada ya kipindi Fulani, fasihi husika inakuwa historia.
Uhusiano mwingine ni kwamba zote huandikwa kwa lugha na zinapoandikwa fasihi hufufua majina
ya wale ambao majina yao hayakuweza kuingia katika vitabu vya historia.
Mwisho, historia na fasihi hufanya jukumu la kumjuza mwanadamu kuhusu mazingira yake hasa
yale ya zamani na kumuwezesha kuweza aidha kuyarekebisha au kuyakubali. Mfano ni katika tamthilia ya
kidagaa, Mtemi Nasaba Bora anawapokonya waafrika wezake mashamba kwa kutumia nguvu. Fasihi hii
pia inaoana na jinsi ambavyo historia inafunza ambavyo viongozi wa kwanza walivyojipatia vipande
vikubwa vikubwa vya ardhi.Fasihi na historia pia zinakaribiana sana kutokana kwamba mwanahistoria na
mwanafasihi ni wanajamii wote. Wale ambao huchunguza matukio ya kihistoria na wale ambao huandika
fasihi pia ni wanajamii.
Mojawapo wa tofauti ya historia na fasihi ni tofauti ya kiwakati. Historia imefungika kiwakati hivi
kwamba upeo wake ni sasa. Mwanahistoria akitaka kujuza kuhusu nchi Fulani anaeleza ilikoanza hadi
ilikofika lakini mwanafasihi anaweza kueleza mahali nchi fulani ilikoanza, iliko sasa na itakavyokuwa
baada ya miaka mingi baada ya sasa. Mwanafasihi anaweza kuandika kuhusu nchi ya kesho peke yake na
fasihi iwe imekamilika. Mfano mwema ni George Orwell ambaye alikiandika kitabu mwaka wa 1978 na
akakiita 1984. Pia Riwaya ya 'Walenisi' ni riwaya ambayo inazungumza kuhusu dunia ambayo ni ya kesho
jambo ambalo historia haiwezi.
Tofauti nyingine ni kwamba historia hutegemea ithibati ili iweze kufahamisha. Kama
inazungumzia kuhusu tukio Fulani, lazima iwe na dhibitisho sahihi na hamna nafasi ya ubunifu. Kwa
upande mwingine, fasihi ina nafasi ya ubunifu na sio lazima mwanafasihi adhibitishe yale ambayo
ameandikia yalifanyika. Hata kama Mstahiki Meya ni jina ambalo ni la kihalisia katika masikio ya
Wakenya, mwandishi wa tamthilia ya Mstahiki hana jukumu la kutoa idhibati za kuonyesha kwamba aliishi
na pia cheneo ni mojawapo wa miji ya nchi fulani.
Tofauti nyingine ni kwamba kila mwanafasihi huwa na itikadi yake lakini mwanahistoria huweka
mambo jinsi yalivyo na kumwachia msomaji awe wa kuamua. Mwandishi kama wa tamthilia ya 'Mstahiki
Meya' ana itikadi kwamba viongozi dhalimu wanastahili kuondolewa mamlakani kwa nguvu lakini
mwanahistoria hawezi kuwa na msimamo kama huo.
Tofauti nyingine ni kwamba fasihi hujikita sana kwa wahusika na maisha yao lakini jambo kuu na
ambalo historia huzingatia sana ni matukio na wakati ambao matukio hayo yalitokea. Hili hufanya takriban
fasihi zote kuwa na mhusika mkuu lakini kipindi fulani cha historia chaweza kosa hata mhusika mmoja
mkuu.
Jambo jingine ni kwamba historia na fasihi hutofautiana kiwakati, mahali na mandhari ambamo
matukio fulani yanatokea. Tamthilia kama ya ‘Mstahiki Meya’ ina uwezakano kwamba inazungumza
kuhusu Kenya na viongozi wa baada ya uhuru lakini mahali ambapo matukio ya tamthilia yanafanyikia ni
cheneo ala sio wa mji kama Nakuru au Nairobi.
Tofauti nyingine ni kwamba hamna nafasi ya ubunifu katika historia lakini fasihi huwa ni zao la
ubunifu. Mambo ambayo wanahistoria huwa wamekosa katika historia yanaweza yakawa wazi kupitia
ubunifu wa mwandishi. Fasihi pia inaweza ikaumba wahusika au hata dunia ambayo haiwezi ikapatikana
katika ulimwengu wa kawaida.
Maswali.
a. Fupisha aya tatu za kwanza kwa maneno 20-30.
Nakala safi
b. Fupisha aya tano za mwisho kwa maneno kati ya 60-70
Matayarisho
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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The diagram below shows a Zinc –copper cell.
(i) Given the standard electrode potential of Zinc is -0.76V and that of copper is +0.34V, suggest;
(i)The identity of W
(ii) The identity of X
(iii) The equation for the overall cell reaction
(iv) The reading on the voltmeter
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Cheptoo set-up some apparatus as shown in the diagram below:-
At the start of the experiment, the bulb did not light:-
(a) State and explain the observation made when the tap was opened to allow the hydrogen chloride gas through the water for about 20 minutes
(b) Write the chemical equation for the reaction that took place at the cathode
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Explain why there are only a few days in each menstrual cycle when fertilization can occur.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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A person who is blood group AB has an advantage over a person who is blood group O. Explain.
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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The diagram below represents a longitudinal section of a bean study it and answer the questions that follow:
a) Identify the parts labeled A to D.
b) Give the role of the plant labeled D.
c) What type of germination would the seed shown above undergo?
Date posted:
October 31, 2019
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Why do you think we experience more discomfort in hot humid weather than we do in hot dry weather.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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In demagnetization by electrical method:
i) State the type of current used.
ii) Explain your answer in (i) above.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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The figure below shows a method of magnetization used in making magnets.
i)Name the method.
ii) Identify the polarities A and B of the magnet produced.
iii) Apart from this method, state any other method used in magnetization.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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A surface whose work function is 2.46eV is illuminated by light of frequency 3.0×1015Hz. Calculate the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectrons.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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The figure below shows the essential components of an x-ray tube
a)Name the parts labelled A and B.
b)Explain how electrons are produced.
c)During the operation of the tube, the target becomes very hot.
i)Explain how this heat is caused.
ii)State any two ways in which cooling can be achieved.
d)Explain why:
i)The tube is evacuated.
ii)The cathode is concave shaped.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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A transformer uses 240V a.c supply to deliver 9.0A at 80V to a heating coil. If 10% of the energy taken from the supply is lost in the transformer itself, determine the current in the primary winding.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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A fishing boat uses ultrasound of frequency 6.0×104Hz to detect fish directly below. Two echoes of the ultrasound are received, one after 0.09 seconds coming from the shoal of fish and the other after 0.12 seconds coming from the sea bed. The sea bed is 84m below the ultrasound transceiver.
i) State two reasons why ultrasound is preferred.
ii) Calculate the speed of the ultrasound waves in water.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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The diagram below shows a set up that was used to demonstrate that, sound is a mechanical wave.
i) State the function of the vacuum pump.
ii) When the switch is closed, state and explain what happens as the air is continuously drawn from the bell jar.
iii)State two possible reasons why it is not possible to reduce the sound completely in this experiment.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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A lens forms an image that is four times the size of the object on the screen. The distance between the object and the screen is 120cm.
i)State the type of lens used.
ii)Calculate the focal length of the lens.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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Diffraction is not a common phenomenon in light. Explain why.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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With the help of a diagram(s) show the difference between half-wave rectification and full-wave rectification output.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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The activity of a radioactive source is initially 450 counts per second. After 72 hours, it reduces to 100 counts per second. If the background count per second is 50, determine the half-life of the substance.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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A gas container of volume 1.5×10-5m3 contains an ideal gas at a temperature of 270C and pressure 1.0×105 pa. Determine the volume of the gas when cooled to 170C and its pressure raised to 1.5×105 pa.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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In an experiment to determine the specific latent heat of vaporization of water, steam at 1000C was passed into water contained in a well lagged copper calorimeter. The following measurements were made:
- Mass of calorimeter = 55g
- Initial mass of water = 75g
-Final mass of calorimeter + water + condensed steam = 133g
- Final temperature of the mixture = 300C.
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200J/Kg/K.
Specific heat capacity of copper = 390J/Kg/K.
Determine the:
i)Mass of condensed steam
ii)Heat gained by the calorimeter and water if the initial temperature of the calorimeter
+ water = 200C
iii)Given that L is the specific latent heat of vaporization of steam.
(I)Write an expression for the heat given out by steam.
(II)Determine the value of L.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019
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Figure below shows a uniform metre rule balancing when a mass of 200g is hung at one end.
Determine the tension T in the string.
Date posted:
October 30, 2019