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The diagram below represents an organ from a bony fish. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow:
(a) State the functions of each of the following named parts on the diagram.
(b) How is the structure labeled C adapted to its function?
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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The set up below represents an experiment to investigate the process of photosynthesis.
The set up placed in sunlight for six hours.
(a) Why was sodium hydrogen carbonate added to water in this experiment?
(b) Explain why the number of bubbles reduced by evening
(c) Explain why the water was used in this experiment
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Describe the path taken by oxygen gas from atmosphere to the tissues of an insect.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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a)State two ways in which the surface area of the fish filaments is increased for efficient gaseous exchange.
b)What is the importance of counter flow system in the filaments of a fish.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Eleza maana ya nahau zifuatazo:
i) Furaha ghaya
ii) Maneo yalimkata maini.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Identify the surfaces of gaseous exchange in the following:-
(i) Paramecium;
(ii) Roots;
(iii) Frog;
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Soma taarifa hii kisha ujibu maswali
Umaskini ni tatizo sugu katika jamii. Binadamu wengi hujikuta katika hali hii kwa sababu hawakubahatika kusoma. Baadhi yao huenda walijaribu kusoma wakashindwa mapema kujipandisha kielimu. Ukosaji wa elimu huchangia sana katika kukuza ukata. Elimu huweza mtu kupata tonge kwa kujipatia kazi za kumwezesha kuyakidhi mahitaji ya maisha. Hali kadhalika, elimu humsaidia binadamu kupata maarifa mengi ya kutendea shughuli zake za kimaendeleo. Kwa mfano, kama ni wakulima wanaweza kutumia pembejeo zifaazo ili kuboresha uzalishaji wa mazao. Wakulima wenye elimu hawatapendelea njia duni za kuendeleza kilimo kama vile kutumia visagilima na mbinu nyingine za kijadi. Badala yake watatumia njia za kisasa za kuvunia mazao yao.
Umaskini mwingine huwa mwiba wa kujichoma. Baadhi ya watu ni mikunguni. Kulaza damu kwao kunawafanya kuwa wategemezi katika familia na jamii kwa jumla. Kwa vile hawajazoea kuinamia cha mvunguni, hata wakifunzwa kuchakura hawawezi. Ili kujaribu kuutibu uwele wao na ufukara baadhi yao hutafuta njia za mkato kama vile upwekuzi wa vitu vya wale waliojitahidi. Wakifanikiwa huweza kufurisha vibindo vyao. Hata hivyo mkono mrefu wa walinda usalama ukiwakumbatia wao hubakia kusagika kwa dhiki isiyomithilika ndani ya magereza.
Majanga ya kimaumbile kama vile mitetemeko ya ardhi, mikurupuko ya maradhi hatari, moto, ukame na mafuriko huchangia na kuzidisha umaskini. Matukio hayo yakiandama kidindia watu wengi huhasirika. Licha ya mali nyingi kupotea, manusura huachwa wakiwa maskini hohehahe. Matumizi yao hupotea kwani wengi huhitajika kuanza maisha upya.
Vijana ni nguzo muhimu katika maendeleo ya nchi yoyote ile. Endapo watajiingiza katika uraibu wa dawa za kulevya, wataathirika wao wenyewe na jamii kwa jumla. Pamoja na kuwa vijana hawa hufuja pesa nyingi katika ununuzi wa dawa hizi, dawa zenyewe huwadhoofisha na kuwapoka nguvu za kushiriki katika uzalishaji mali. Kutokana na hali hii,umaskini hupaliliwa na kushamiri zaidi.
Umaskini huzua matatizo mbalimbali katika jamii. Ufukara huchachawiza juhudi za serikali za kuwapa raia wake mahitaji ya kimsingi kama vile huduma za afya. Pia umaskini husababisha maovu mbalimbali ya kijamii kama vile mauaji na ukahaba.
Baadhi ya wanajamii huona kwamba njia ya kipekee ya kukabiliana na changamoto zinazosababishwa na hali ya ulitima ni kupitia kwa biashara haramu. Hali hii huchochea zaidi kudorora kwa maadili ya kijamii.
Mataifa mbalimbali ulimwenguni yamezua mikakati mahsusi ya kukabiliana na umaskini. Baadhi ya mataifa yamebuni utaratibu maalum wa kupunguza mwanya mkubwa uliopo kati ya matajiri na maskini. Mojawapo ya mipango hiyo ni kupandisha viwango vya kodi inayotozwa wenye mishahara minono na wafanyibiashara wenye pato kubwa. Aidha huduma za burudani hutozwa kodi ya kiwango cha juu. Kupitia kwa kodi hizo, na njia nyinginezo, serikali za nchi hizo hupata pesa za kuwahudumia maskini.
Mataifa yanayoendelea yanaweza kuwakwamua wananchi kiuchumi kwa kuwapa wahitaji mitaji ya kuanzisha miradi mbalimbali ya kimaendeleo. Mifano ya miradi hiyo ni viwanda vya ‘Jua kali’, ususi wa vikapu na uchongaji wa vinyago. Hali kadhalika, serikali inaweza kuwatafutia masoko ya nje wafanyi biashara wadogo wadogo. Aidha, serikali inaweza kupunguza ushuru kwa bidhaa zinazoagizwa na masoko ya nje wafanyibiashara wa aina hiyo. Mathalan, ushuru unaotozwa nguo kuukuu zinazoingizwa nchini ukipunguzwa, wauzaji wa nguo hizi watafaidika zaidi na hali ya umaskini itaendelea kupungua.
Sehemu za mashambani ni mhimili mkubwa wa uchumi. Ingawa kumekuwa na juhudi za kuzistawisha sehemu hizi kwa kusambaza huduma za umeme na maji kwa gharama nafuu, bado hali haijawa ya kuridhirisha. Ili kuimarisha sehemu hizi na kukabiliana vilivyo na tatizo la umaskini, hatuna budi kusambaza huduma hizi hasa katika sehemu kame. Sehemu hizi zikipata maji, kilimo chenye natija kitaendelezwa na umaskini utakuwa karibu kuzikwa katika kaburi la sahau. Ikiwa tutazitekeleza sehemu hizi, vijana wanaoweza kusistawisha watahamia mjini kutafuta maisha ‘bora’. Hali hii itazidisha msongomano wa watu mjini.
Umaskini ni nduli ambaye lazima aangamizwe ima fa ima. Vijana hawana budi kubadili mtazamo wao hasa kuhusu kazi za mashambani na kujitahidi kuimarisha kilimo. Fauka ya hayo, mifumo mwafaka ya elimu ibuniwe ili kukidhi mahitaji ya kiuchumi ya taifa. Badala ya kuhimiza elimu ya kinadharia, elimu tekelezi isisitizwe zaidi ili wale wanaokosa kazi za kiafisi waweze kujiajiri katika kazi za kiufundi. Ukusanyaji wa ushuru uimarishwe zaidi. Hali ya usalama iendelee kustawishwa ili kuzidi kuwavutia wawekezaji, na hivyo kubuni nafasi zaidi za kazi.
(a)Kulingana na kifungu ‘umasikini ni hali inayoletwa na udhaifu wa mtu binafsi’. Jadili
(maneno 30-40)
(b)Jamii ina uwezo wa kukabiliana na hali ya umaskini inayowakumba raia wake. Thibitisha
kwa mujibu wa kifungu (maneno 40-50)
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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The amount of blood flow through various parts of the body of a mammal was measured in cm3 per minute at rest and during different physical activities. Results are shown below.
a) Calculate the percentage change in blood flow through the skeletal muscles and gut when the mammal was exposed to strenuous exercise.
i) Skeletal muscles
ii) Gut
b) Account for the differences in amount of blood flow through the gut and skeletal muscles;
i) At rest
ii) During streneous exercise
c) Account for the result obtained for the skin during light exercise
d) Name two substances which are removed from the body by the kidney
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Andika wingi wa sentensi zifuatazo;
i) Sokwe aliukwea mti huo kwa kasi.
ii) Mshale mkali ulitumiwa kumwua samba.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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The figure below represents a diagram of a photometer;
(a) What is the photometer used for ?
(b) State the precautions which should be taken when setting up a photometer
(c) Explain what you will expect if set up was placed under the following environmental conditions;
(i) Dark room
(ii) Leafy shoot enclosed in polythene bag
(iii) In a current of air created by a fan
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Tumia neno "vile" kama.
i) Kivumishi …
ii) Kiwakilishi
iii) Kielezi
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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The flow chart below shows a blood transfusion pathway.
(a) What three conclusions can you draw from the flow chart?
(b) State two precautions that must be observed during blood transfusion
(c) Explain how blood clot is formed once a blood vessels is injured
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Outline the route taken by a molecule of glucose from the ileum up to the kidney.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Study the following information which was extracted from Mr. Chacha’s farm record on 31- 12-2013 and answer the questions below.
Loans payable to bank Kshs. 300,000
Five milking cows Ksh 250,000
400 layers Kshs. 80,000
20 goat Kshs. 30,000
Debts payable to co-operative Ksh 20,000
Buildings and structures kshs. 600,000
Bonus payable to workers Ksh 19,000
Cattle feed in store Kshs. 10,000
Animal drugs in store Kshs 4,000
Debts receivable Kshs. 18,000
Breakages to repair Kshs. 30,000
Cash at hand Kshs. 20,000
Cash in bank Kshs. 30,000
Spray equipment Kshs. 12,000
(i) Prepare a balance sheet for Chacha’s farm using the information above.
(ii) Was the business solvent or insolvent?
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Eleza maana mbili za sentensi ifuatayo.
Nitakuja kukagua kazi hiyo baada ya saa mbili.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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(a) Why are xylem vessels more efficient in the transport of water than tracheids?
(b) What is the significance of xylem vessels being dead?
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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The diagrams below show stages in the process of feeding shown by amoeba
(a) Name the part labeled A.
(b) Name the process illustrated in the diagram above.
(d) Name the type of cell in human beings that exhibit this process
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Soma makala yafuatayo kisha kisha ujibu maswali:-
Waajiri wengi wanazilaumu taasisi za elimu kwa kukosa kutoa wafanya kazi wenye ujuzi tosha, hasa wa kiteknolojia za kisasa kama kutumia kompyuta kutenda kazi mbalimbali. Hali hii imekuwa ya kuhuzunisha sana.
Ujuzi wa kuweza kutumia Kompyuta unaweza kumfaa mwanafunzi hata anapokosa nafasi ya kujiunga na chuo kikuu kwa vile anaweza kuendelea na elimu yake kupitia kwa elimu mtandao. Pia anaweza kufanya utafiti wa kina kupitia intaneti na kwa njia hii akaimarisha elimu yake.
Mojawapo ya njia ya kuimarisha elimu kuhusu maswala ya teknolojia ni kuanzishwa kwa mikakati mipya ya kufunza. Somo la Kompyuta laweza kuimarika mashuleni endapo kwanza walimu watahamasishwa juu ya faida za ujuzi huu.
Kwa kutumia Kompyuta kufunza, walimu wanaweza kufunza madarasa kadhaa katika kipindi kimoja bila kulazimika kuyahudhuria. Hii itapunguza kiwango cha kazi kwa walimu kwa vile watapata muda wa kufanya utafiti mpana. Aidha, watapata habari na ufahamu zaidi wa mambo kwa kutumia mitambo ya Kompyuta kutoka kwenye intaneti, kupitia tovuti.
Hata hivyo mipango hii inakabiliwa na changamoto kama vile bei za juu za mitambo na vifaa vya Kompyuta, ukosefu wa miundo msingi itakayowezesha utumiaji wa mitambo hii na ukosefu wa walimu waliohitimu somo la Kompyuta.
Pia, kuna tatizo la ukosefu wa nguvu za umeme hasa maeneo ya mashambani; vile vile, katika maeneo yaya haya, wanafunzi na wazazi wengi huvichukulia somo la Kompyuta kuwa gumu na linalofaa wakaazi na wanafunzi kutoka maeneo ya mijini na linalofaa wakaazi muhimu kwao mashambani.
Maswali
(a) Ipe taarifa uliyoisoma anwani inayoifaa
(b) “Hali hii imekuwa ya kuhuzunisha.” Ni hali gani inayozungumziwa katika aya ya 1?
(c) Ujuzi wa kutumia Kompyuta unaweza kumfaidi vipi mwanafunzi?
(d) Mikakati mipya ya kuimarisha elimu kuhusu maswala ya teknolojia inakabiliwa na
vizingiti vipi?
(e) Taja manufaa mawili ambayo mwalimu anaweza kupata kutokana na ujuzi wa teknolojia
ya Kompyuta
(f) Andika msamiati mwafaka zaidi kwa maneno yafuatayo:
(i) Kompyuta
(ii) Intaneti
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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The diagram shows a section through a plant organ.
(a)
(i) Name the class of the plant from which the section was obtained belong.
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in (a)(i) above
(b) How is the part labelled C adapted to its functions?
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Explain six reasons for pruning coffee
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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The diagram below shows a part of a circulatory system. The arrows indicate the direction of the flow of blood.
(a) Identify the blood vessels labeled A and B.
(b) Explain why it is important to transport food substances to organ C before being released for circulation to the rest of the body.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Tafautisha kati ya;
Ngonjera za ushairi na za maigizo.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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The diagrams below show two conducting elements of the xylem tissue.
a) Identify each of them A and B
b) What makes the cellulose side walls of both A and B able to prevent collapsing?
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Onyesha kwa kutolea mifano minne, jinsi misimu huzuka.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Laboratory analysis of a patient’s urine revealed the following concentration of various substances.
a) From the analysis above, which disease is the patient suffering from
b) Name two symptoms of the disease in (a) above
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Give two examples of farm records that are general in nature
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Give four management practice that promote high herbage yields in pasture production
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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Identify two forces that help in upward movement of water in plants.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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An experiment was set-up as shown below to investigate a certain plant process.
(a) What process was being investigated above?
(b) What observation was made if;
(i) The experiment was left in strong wind for one hour?
(ii) All the leaves were removed from the plant?
Date posted:
October 4, 2019
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What is the destination of materials translocated in plants.
Date posted:
October 4, 2019