Get premium membership and access revision papers, questions with answers as well as video lessons.

Got a question or eager to learn? Discover limitless learning on WhatsApp now - Start Now!

Human Anatomy Question Paper

Human Anatomy

Course:Human Anatomy

Institution: Kenya Medical Training College question papers

Exam Year:2014

1. Concerning the hip joint:
* a. Accessory obturator nerve is one of the nerves supplying the joint.
b. Its commonly dislocated in the extended and medially rotated position.
c. The acetabulum is deepened by the labrum glenoidale.
d. Stability is mainly due to intrinsic ligaments.
e. Each muscle acting on the joint has a bursar.

2. Concerning the head of the femur,the following are TRUE except.
a. The ligament of head contains a branch from the obturator artery.
b. Neck fracture damages the retinacular vessels and may be followed by avascular necrosis.
c. Is surrounded by an articular capsule that is deficient posteriorly.
d. Forms 2/3 of a sphere.
* e. It is directed medially, superiorly and posteriorly.

3. The synovial membrane of the hip joint lines the following structures except:
a. Inner surface of the capsule.
b. Acetabular pad.
c. Ligament of the femoral head.
* d. Head of the femur.
e. Intracapsular neck of femur.

4. Which of the following muscles flexes both the hip and knee joints:
a. Quadriceps
b. Adductor magnus
* c. Sartorius
d. Semimembranosus
e. Gracilis

5. The artery accompanying the ligamentum teres is a branch of:
a. Femoral artery
b. Inferior gluteal artery
c. Superior gluteal artery
d. Medial circumflex femoral artery.
* e. Obturator artery.

6. The major blood supply to the head of the femur is through:
a. The ligamentum teres
b. The nutrient artery
* c. The retinacular vessels
d. All the above
e. None of the above.

7. All the following supply the hip joint except:
a. The obturator nerve
b. The accessory obturator nerve
c. The femoral nerve
d. The nerve to quadratus femoris
* e. All the above.

8. The following is TRUE of the ligament of the head of the femur except:
a. It is not a major factor in preventing dislocation of the.hip joint.
b. Is completely surrounded by synovial membrane.
c. Attaches to the margins of the acetabular notch.
d. Transmits blood vessels
* e. Prevents hyperabduction at the hip joint.

9. The hip joint is most unstable (easily dislocates) when it is in the following positions:
a. Extension and abduction
b. Flexion and Adduction
c. Lateral rotation and extension
d. Anatomical position
* e. Flexion, medial rotation and adduction.

10. Find the TRUE statement on the hip joint:
a. It has four ligaments
b. Its blood supply follows three routes the most important of which comes from the obturator artery along the round ligament.
c. Its socket is deepened by labrum glenoidalee
d. The transverse ligament limits extension.
* e. Perthe''s disease is one of the causes of a positive Trendelenburg''s sign.

11. The primary abductor of the hip joint is the:
a. Obturator externus
b. Piriformis
c. Pectineus
* d. Gluteus medius
e. Sartorius.

12. The ligament of the hip resisting extension is the
a. Transverse
b. Ligament of the head
c. Ischio femoral
d. Pubo femoral
* e. Ilio femoral

13. The sciatic nerve lies between the greater trochanter of the femur and the ischial tuberosity of the pelvic bone after it emerges below which muscle.
a. Gluteus medius
b. Obturator internus
* c. Piriformis

d. Quadratus femoris
e. Gemelli

14. Regarding the posterior superior iliac spine, find the FALSE statement.
a. Marks the posterior end of the iliac crest.
b. Its marked by a skin dimple
c. Lies at a lower level than the ASIS
d. A line drawn through the left and right posterior superior iliac spine lies opposite S2 vertebra.
* e. Its located about 5 cm lateral to the media plane.

15. In the gluteal region, find the FALSE statement
* a. Injections are given in the upper inner quadrant.
b. The superior gluteal nerve supplies gluteal muscles and tensor fascia lata.
c. When the sciatic nerve divides while in gluteal region, the tibial nerve pierces piriformis or leaves sciatic foramina above piriformis.
d. Gluteus maximus muscle is separated from the greater trochanter by a bursa.
e. The gluteus maximum has a wide origin between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines.

16. The iliac crest gives attachment to the:
a. Iliacus
* b. Tensor fascia lata
c. Gluteus minimus
d. Gluteus medius
e. B & C

17. The greater sciatic foramen is formed by the following except:
* a. Sacrum
b. Greater sciatic notch
c. Sacrospinous ligament
d. Ischial spine
e. Sacrotuberous ligament

18. Which of the following statement is FALSE about gluteus medius muscle:
a. It is attached to the lateral side of the greater trochanter.
b. It is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.
c. It is essential for normal walking on flat ground.
d. It is an abductor of the thigh at the hip joint.
* e. Part of it is inserted into the iliotibial tract.

19. Which of the following muscle lists take origin from the ischiopubic ramus:
a. Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris.
b. Sartorius, rectus femoris, and obturator internus.
* c. Gracilis, adductor brevis, and obturator externus.

d. Vastus lateralis, tensor fasciae latae and vastus medialis.
e. Sartorius, biceps femoris and adductor brevis.

20. The greater sciatic foramen transmits these structures except:
a. Superior gluteal vessels
b. Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh.
c. Piriformis muscle
* d. Obturator internus muscle
e. Inferior gluteal vessels

21. The most commonly recognised pelvic inlet in females is:
a. Anthropoid
b. Platypoid
* c. Gynaecoid
d. Android
e. None of the above.

22. All the following pass through the lesser sciatic foramen except:
a. Tendon of obturator internus
b. Internal pudendal artery
c. Pudendal nerve
d. Nerve to obturator internus
* e. All the above

23. All the following muscles are supplied by the superior gluteal nerve except:
a. Gluteus medius
b. Gluteus minimus
c. Tensor fasciae latae
* d. Gluteus maximus
e. All the above.

24. The roots of the sciatic nerve are:
a. L2, L3, L4, L5, S1
b. S2, S3, S4
c. L4, L5
* d. L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
e. S2, S2, S3, S4

25. The companion artery of the sciatic nerve is a branch of:
a. Superior gluteal artery
* b. Inferior gluteal artery
c. Femoral artery
d. Obturator artery
e. Abnormal obturator artery

26. The sciatic nerve supplies all the following muscles except:
a. Biceps femoris
b. Semitendinosus
c. Semimembranosus
* d. Gluteus maximum
e. Adductor magnus

27. Injury to superior gluteal nerve may disturb the normal gait by causing paralysis of:
a. Adductor magnus
b. Gluteus maximus
* c. Gluteus medius
d. Hamstrings
e. Gemelli

28. The following is a result of administering an intramuscular injection into the sciatic nerve.
a. Loss of extension of the knee joint.
b. Total loss of sensation below the knee joint.
* c. Loss of sensation of the sole of the foot, on the side.
d. Inability to flex the hip.
e. Loss of proprioception from the knee joint of affected side.

29. The following are TRUE about the greater sciatic foramen except:
a. Transmits the superior gluteal nerve
b. Has the sacrospinous ligament as a boundary
c. Transmits the pudendal nerve.
d. Has the sacrotuberous ligament as a boundary
* e. Transmits the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve.

30. The piriformis muscle:
a. Arises within the pelvic cavity
b. Has the internal pudendal artery at its upper border
c. Laterally rotates the thigh
* d. A and C are true
e. None of the above

31. Which of the following muscles originates from the anterior superior iliac spine?
a. Semimembranosus
b. Semitendinosus
* c. Sartorius
d. Biceps femoris
e. Pectineus

32. The following points are palpable except the:
a. Anterior superior iliac spine
* b. Anterior inferior iliac spine
c. Greater trochanter
d. Pubic tubercle
e. Tubercle of the iliac crest.

33. The pelvic girdle is made up of
a. Ilium, ischium and pubis of one side
* b. Ilium, ischium and pubis of both sides
c. Two hip bones and sacrum
d. Two hip bones sacrum and coccyx
e. Two hip bones and the femur.

34. The skin over the gluteal region is supplied by the following nerves except.
a. Lateral cutaneous branch of T12
b. Lateral cutaneous branches of the iliohypogastric nerve
c. Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
* d. Posterior rami of L3,4,& 5
e. Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve.

35. Regarding the gluteus maximus
a. It arises from the sacrospinous ligament
b. It is inserted into the spiral line
c. It is a medial rotator of the thigh
d. It is a powerful adductor
* e. It is supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve.

36. The sciatic nerve:
a. Supplies the gluteus maximus
b. Usually emerges above the piriformis
* c. Passes between the greater trochanter and ischial tuberosity
d. (a) & (b)
e. None of the above.

37. The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
a. Accompanies the short saphenous vein
b. Arises from the dorsal rami of S1,2,&3
c. Leaves through the lesser sciatic
d. Lies deep to the sciatic nerve
* e. Supplies the skin over the external genitalia

38. The symphsis pubis is a:-
a. Synchondrosis
b. Syndesmosis
c. Primary cartilaginous joint
* d. Secondary cartilaginous joint
e. None of the above.

39. Arteria communis ischiadis is a branch of the:
a. Femoral artery
b. Radial artery
c. Internal iliac
* d. Inferior gluteal
e. Obturator

40. The following statements are FALSE about the piriformis muscle except:
a. Arises from the middle three pieces of the sacrum
b. Is inserted into the lesser trochanter
c. Nerve supply is derived from the posterior primary rami of S1 and S2
d. The sciatic nerve and its major branches always emerge below the muscle
* e. Both a and c

41. Nerve supply to the superior gemellus is:
a. Nerve to the superior gemellus
* b. Nerve to the obturator internus
c. Nerve to quadratus femoris
d. Superior gluteal nerve
e. Inferior gluteal nerve

42. Superficial lymph vessels of the buttock drain into:
a. Medial group of the superficial inguinal nodes
* b. Lateral group of the superficial inguinal nodes
c. Posterior axillary lymph nodes
d. Internal iliac lymph along the superior and inferior gluteal arteries
e. (b) and (c).

43. About gluteus maximus:
a. Its oblique lower border takes no part in forming the gluteal fold
b. It arises in part from the lateral mass of the sacrum
c. About 75% of it inserts into the iliotibial tract
d. It is supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve
* e. All the above.

44. Iliohypogastric nerve in part supplies which quadrant of the buttock?
a. Upper medial
* b. Upper lateral
c. Lower medial
d. Lower lateral
e. Does not supply the buttock at all.

45. Concerning the lower limb:
a. Its for weight bearing
b. Its for maintaining equilibrium
c. Its movement is compromised for stability.
d. Its an organ of locomotion
* e. All the above

46. About the anatomical position (upright posture) the following statements are correct except:
a. The foot is plantargrade and at the ankle joint the leg and foot make a 90o angle.
b. The hip is extended.
* c. The line of gravity passes posterior to the lordotic thoracic curvature.
d. The line of gravity passes in front of S2 vertebral body.
e. The upper limbs hang by the side with palms facing forward.

47. The hamstring muscles include the following:
a. Semimembranous
b. Semitendinous
c. Biceps femoris

d. Part of adductor magnus
* e. All of the above.

48. Regarding the femoral triangle of the thigh, find the FALSE statement.
a. The femoral artery begins at the mid inguinal point behind inguinal ligament.
* b. The femoral canal has no structure that goes through it.
c. Femoral sheath encloses the femoral artery, vein, and canal.
d. The femoral hernia traverses the femoral canal.
e. The medial border of sartorius forms the lateral boundary of the triangle.

49. The skin of the anterior aspect of thigh is supplied by the:
a. Genito femoral nerve
b. Branches of the femoral nerve
c. Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
d. None of the above.
* e. All of the above.

50. Regarding the femur, find the TRUE statement.
a. The greater trochanter joins with the shaft, around the age of 25 years in males.
b. The head is made up of compact bone.
* c. The lower end is the growing end.
d. The lesser trochanter is a pressure epiphysis.
e. All the above.

51. Sensory innervation to the skin overlying the belly of the rectus femoris muscle is provided by means of the branches of the nerve:
* a. Intermediate nerve of the thigh
b. Common peroneal
c. Lateral nerve of the thigh
d. Sural
e. Posterior femoral nerve.

52. The cruciate anastomosis:
a. Is at the knee joint
b. Is formed by the branches from the popliteal artery and profunda femoris artery.
c. Is on the anterior aspect of the hip joint.
* d. Is formed by branches from the profunda femoris artery and a branch from the inferior gluteal artery.
e. Is similar to the trochanteric anastomosis.

53. The cribriform fascia is pierced by the:
* a. Great saphenous vein.
b. Deep external pudendal artery
c. Superficial circumflex iliac vein
d. Lateral anterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh.
e. Only A and C.

54. The rectus femoris muscle:
* a. Extends the knee
b. Flexes the knee
c. Extends the hip
d. Rotates the knee
e. Both (a) and(c)

55. Which are the contents of the femoral sheath:
a. Femoral artery
b. Femoral vein
c. Femoral nerve
d. All of the above.
* e. (a) and (b) only.

56. The femoral ring:
a. Is medial to the femoral vein
b. Is lateral to lacunar ligament
c. Is posterior to inguinal ligament
* d. All of the above
e. Only (a) and (b)

57. Which muscle inserts into the trochanteric fossa:
* a. Obturator externus
b. Piriformis
c. Quadratus femoris
d. Obturator internus
e. Psoas major

58. Supracondylar fracture of the femur is likely to injure the:
a. Sciatic nerve
b. Common peroneal nerve
c. Tibial nerve
d. Femoral nerve
* e. Popliteal artery

59. Which of the following is a content of the adductor canal:
* a. The saphenous nerve
b. Nerve to vastus lateralis
c. Femoral nerve
d. Sartorius tendon
e. Tendon of adductor longus

60. The femoral canal:
a. Transmits the femoral nerve.
* b. Occupies a compartment of the femoral sheath
c. Is clinically useless
d. Transmits the femoral artery
e. None of the above.

61. Regarding adductor magnus muscle,find the TRUE statement
a. Receives motor fibres from the obturator nerve
b. Forms part of the floor of the femoral triangle
c. Medially rotates the thigh

d. Attaches to the proximal end of the medial surface of the tibia.
* e. Receives motor fibres from the femoral nerve.

62. The following is TRUE about the adductor canal except:
a. Transmits the saphenous nerve
b. Has the sartorius muscle as anteromedial boundary
* c. Transmits profunda femoris artery
d. Has adductor longus muscle as a posterior wall boundary
e. Vestus medialis forms lateral wall.

63. The following is TRUE about biceps femoris muscle except:
a. Has a long head which crosses the sciatic nerve superficially
b. Has a short head which attaches to linea aspera
c. Receives motor fibres to both heads from the sciatic nerve
* d. Inserts on the lateral condyle of the tibia
e. Laterally rotates the semiflexed knee

64. The following statements are TRUE of the femoral artery except:
a. It enters the thigh by passing behind the inguinal ligament.
b. The pulsations are best felt at mid-inguinal point.
* c. It ends by dividing into posterior and anterior tibial arteries.
d. It is the main arterial supply of the lower limb.
e. The largest branch is the profunda femoris artery.

65. Which of these group of muscles is supplied by the femoral nerve in the thigh?
a. Iliacus, quadriceps femoris, vastus lateralis
b. Pectineus, psoas major, sartorius
c. Iliacus, quadriceps femoris, pectineus
d. Iliacus, vastus intermedius, psoas major
* e. Quadriceps femoris, pectineus, sartorius

66. In a supracondylar fracture of the femur, the popliteal vessels may be put in danger by the result of the action of:
a. Gluteus maximus
* b. Gastrocnemius
c. Biceps femoris
d. Gracilis
e. Quadratus femoris

67. Inferior epigastric artery is a branch of:
a. Femoral artery
* b. External iliac artery
c. Internal iliac artery
d. Inferior gluteal artery
e. Abdominal aorta.

68. The efferents of the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain principally to the:
a. Popliteal group of lymph nodes
b. Internal iliac lymph nodes
* c. Deep inguinal lymph nodes
d. Pelvic lymph nodes
e. Lumbar lymph nodes

69. Which of the following is TRUE about tensor fascia latae muscle?
a. Arises from the external lip of the iliac crest between the anterior superior iliac spine and the tubercle of the iliac crest
b. It inserts into the iliotibial tract
c. It is supplied by the superior gluteal nerve
* d. All the above
e. (a) and (c)

70. Which of the following is TRUE about the femoral canal?
a. Acts as a dead space for the femoral artery during increased venous return.
b. Femoral nerve is a medial relation
c. It is outside the femoral sheath
* d. It contains a lymph node (the gland of Cloquet) which drains lymph directly from the clitoris in the female.
e. Both a and b

71. Cruciate anastomosis is contributed by the following except:
* a. Superior gluteal artery
b. Inferior gluteal artery
c. Medial femoral circumflex artery
d. Lateral femoral circumflex artery
e. First perforating branch

72. Regarding the femoral triangle:
* a. Has the medial border of adductor longus as its medial boundary.
b. The floor of this triangle is flat.
c. All the muscles that form its floor pass to the posterior aspect of the femur except the pectineus.
d. All the above apply.
e. (a) and (c)

73. The iliotibial tract:
a. Commences at the level of the lesser trochanter.
b. Receives insertion of gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae.
c. It flexes the knee joint.
d. In leaning forward with the knee slightly flexed, tract provides antigravity force supporting the knee joint.
* e. (b) and (d)

74. During its course, the following is TRUE about the femoral artery except:
* a. Begins behind the midpoint of the inguinal ligament.
b. Occupies a compartment of the femoral sheath.
c. May be compressed against the capsule of the hip joint
d. Passes in front of adductor longus
e. Ends at the adductor magnus opening.

75. Vastus lateralis muscle
a. Forms a boundary of the adductor canal
b. Is attached to the lesser trochanter
c. Is supplied by lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
* d. Has an attachment to linea aspera
e. Inserts on the head of fibula.

76. The following is TRUE about the sartorius muscle except
a. Has origin at the anterior superior iliac spine
b. Forms a boundary of the femoral triangle
c. Laterally rotates the thigh
* d. Is supplied by the saphenous nerve
e. Has a distal attachment to the tibia.

77. The femoral vein, find the FALSE statement:
a. Ends just below the mid inguinal point
* b. Passes through the saphenous opening
c. Is medial to the femoral artery throughout its course
d. Passes through the adductor canal
e. None of the above.

78. The major sign of paralysis of the quadriceps femoris muscle is loss of:
a. Adduction of the thigh
b. Extension of the thigh
* c. Extension of the leg
d. Flexion of the leg
e. Lateral rotation of the leg.

79. The medial compartment of the femoral sheath contains the
* a. Femoral canal
b. Femoral artery
c. Femoral vein
d. Femoral nerve
e. None of the above.

80. Which muscle pulls the distal fragment in a fracture of the lower end of the femur
a. Soleus
* b. Gastrocuemius
c. Semitendinosus
d. Gracilis
e. None of the above.

81. The rectus femoris:
a. Lies deep to vastus intermedius
b. Arises from the femur
* c. Assists in extension of the leg at the knee joint
d. Is supplied by the obturator nerve
e. Is unipennate.

82. All the following statements about Ilio psoas muscle, are TRUE except:
a. Inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur
b. Acts as a weak medial rotator of the hip
* c. Has no bursa associated with its tendon
d. includes fibres from the psoas minor muscle
e. Is supplied by L2 & 3 segments.

83. The femoral ring is bounded:
a. Anteriorly, by the cribriform fascia
b. Laterally, by the femoral artery
c. Medially, by the inguinal ligament
* d. Posteriorly, by the pectineal ligament.
e. None of the above.

84. The fascia covering and connecting the margins of the saphenous opening is called:
* a. Fascia latae
b. Fascia bulbi
c. Fascia scarpa
d. Fascia illiaca

85. Which of the following muscles insert into the lesser trochanter of the femur?
a. Obturator externus
b. Pectineus
c. Obturator internus
* d. Ilio psoas
e. None of the above

86. Each of the following statements concerning the femoral triangle is correct except:
a. Iliacus muscle forms part of its floor.
b. Great saphenous vein terminates in the triangle.
c. Inguinal ligament forms its base.
d. Sartorius muscle forms its lateral boundary.
* e. Adductor magnus forms its medial boundary.

87. Concerning the posterior compartment of the thigh:
a. Its motor innervation is the sciatic nerve
b. Its cutaneous innervation is the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh.
c. All the muscles have their origin from the ischial tuberosity.
d. Its lateral limit is the lateral intermuscular septum.
* e. All the above

88. In the dorsum of the foot:
* a. Dorsalis pedis artery is palpable between the tendons of extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus.
b. The dorsalis pedis artery is a branch of the peroneal artery.
c. The dorsalis pedis artery has no branches in the foot.

d. The dorsalis pedis runs superficial to the inferior extensor retinaculum.
e. None of the above

89. Concerning the dorsal venous arch of the foot:
a. On the medial side it drains into the small saphenous vein.
* b. It is formed by digital veins and communicating veins from the sole.
c. It lies over the tarsal bones.
d. Is usually absent especially in females.
e. All the above

90. As regards the extensor digitorum brevis in the foot:
a. Its nerve supply is by the superficial peroneal nerve.
* b. Its innervated by the deep peroneal nerve.
c. It acts on the lateral four toes.
d. It may act on the distal interphalangeal joints.
e. (a) & (d)

91. Concerning the arches of the foot:
a. The medial longitudinal arch is lower than the lateral one.
b. The calcaneus bone forms a pillar for both medial and lateral longitudinal arches.
c. The arches are maintained by ligaments only in all positions of the foot.
d. Peroneus longus tendon is important in the maintainance of the transverse arch.
* e. (b) and (d).

92. The factors responsible for a flat foot include:
a. Weakened plantar muscles
b. Weakened plantar ligament
c. The age of the individual
* d. All the above
e. None of the above

93. The peroneus longus muscle inserts at the:
a. Base of 5th metatarsal
* b. Base of 1st metatarsal
c. Navicular tuberosity
d. Lateral cuneiform
e. Calcaneus

94. Which of the following statements is false regarding the fourth layer of the foot:
a. It contains the tendon of peroneus longus muscle.
b. All the interossei are supplied by the lateral planter nerve.
c. Tendon of tibialis posterior is inserted into the tuberosity of the navicular.
d. Tendon of peroneus longus crosses the sole obliquely.
* e. Flexor digitorum brevis is part of the fourth layer.

95. With respect to the knee joint,all the statements are TRUE except.
* a. Bones forming this joint are the tibia, fibula, femur and patella.
b. The joint capsule is strongest posteriorly
c. Posterior cruciate ligament prevents posterior displacement of the tibia over the femur.
d. The bursa deep to the quadriceps femoris tendon always communicates with the knee joint.
e. The popliteus tendon unlocks the joint when in maximum extension.

96. With regard to the knee joint, find the FALSE statement
a. Vastus medialis prevents lateral dislocation of the patella.
* b. The following muscles participate in flexion of the joint, rectus femoris, popliteus, vastus medialis and tensor fascia lata.
c. The posterior genicular artery supplies intra articular structures.
d. Semimembranosus bursa communicates frequently with the knee joint cavity.
e. The lateral facet of the patella is wider than the lateral one.

97. Lymph nodes in the popliteal fossa drain lymph from:
a. All parts of the limb below the knee
b. Only the deep lymphatics of leg & foot
c. Skin of the back of the thigh
* d. Skin of dorsolateral aspect of leg & foot
e. None of the above.

98. Find the TRUE statement about the popliteal artery:
a. Divides into tibial and peroneal arteries.
b. Gives off four genicular arteries.
*c. Is crossed superficially by the popliteal vein.
d. Is a continuation of the profunda femoris artery.
e. Tibial nerve is anterior to popliteal vessels

99. Elicitation of the knee jerk depends on:
a. Golgi tendon organs in the ligamentum patellae
* b. Muscle spindles in the quadriceps femoris muscle.
c. Intergrity of the sacral segments of the spinal cord.
d. All the above
e. Only A and B.

100. A child falls on a spike injuring the upper lateral margin of the popliteal fossa, which nerve is liable to be injured?
* a. Common peroneal
b. Tibial
c. Obturator
d. Sciatic
e. Femoral

101. The muscle responsible for ''unlocking'' the knee joint is:
a. Quadriceps femoris
b. Gastrocnemius
* c. Popliteus
d. Biceps
e. Semitendinosus

102. Is an expansion of semimembranosus tendon:
a. Popliteal fasciae
b. Oblique popliteal ligament of the knee joint
c. Fascia lata.
* d. (a) & (b).
e. (a),(b) & (c)

103. The menisci of the knee:
a. Play an important role in load transmission.
b. Probably enhances the stability of the joint.
* c. They assist in lubrication.
d. (a) & (b)
e. None of the above.

104. Of the menisci of the knee joint, which is more likely to be
injured:
a. The lateral meniscus
* b. The medial meniscus
c. Both A and B
d. None of the above

105. The following is TRUE regarding the popliteus muscle, except.
a. Has an attachment to the posterior surface of the tibia.
b. Pierces the fibrous capsule of the knee joint.
c. Receives motor fibres from the tibial nerve.
d. Unlocks the fully extended knee.
* e. Has an attachment to the intercondylar fossa (notch) of the femur.

106. The nerve supply to the articularis genu is
a. Sciatic nerve
b. Genicular branch of the femoral nerve
* c. Nerve to the vastus intermedius
d. Obturator nerve
e. Nerve to vastus medialis.

107. The knee joint:
a. Is a condylar joint
b. Has two condylar joint
c. Is a gliding joint
d. (a) and (b)
* e. (b) and (c)

108. The capsule of the knee joint
a. Is attached to the lower end of femur beyond the articular surfaces.
b. Is replaced by the ligamentum patellae anteroinferiorly
c. Is strengthened by the popliteus muscle posteriorly
d. Merges with the medial and lateral collateral ligaments
* e. (b) & (d).

109. Which of the following is not a stabilizer of the knee joint on its lateral aspect?
a. Biceps tendon
b. Popliteus tendon
c. Iliotibial tract
d. Transverse ligament
* e. (b) & (d)

110. The superficial vein that terminates in the popliteal vein is the:
a. Long (great) saphenous
b. Sural
c. Obturator
d. Lateral popliteal
* e. Short (small) saphenous

111. Pain in the knee joint may be felt in the hip joint because both are supplied by:
a. Sciatic nerve
b. Superior gluteal nerve
* c. Obturator nerve
d. Tibial nerve
e. accessory obturator nerve.

112. The following are TRUE about the gastrocnemius EXCEPT
a. Forms the lower boundary of the popliteal fossa
b. Inserts by way of the tendo-calcaneous
c. Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint
* d. Is surrounded by a synovial sheath near its insertion
e. Is supplied by the tibial nerve.

113. The anterior cruciate:
a. Attaches to the anterior part of the intercondylar fossa of the femur
b. Is completely intra synovial
c. Has no association with meniscofemoral ligaments of Humphry and Wrisberg.
* d. Is strong and has a greater width than the posterior cruciate ligament
e. Plays part in limiting rotation in the knee.

114. The major bursa communicating with the synovial joint space of the knee is the:
a. Prepatellar
* b. Suprapatellar
c. Infra patellar
d. All the above
e. None of the above.

115. The popliteal fossa is bounded superiorly by all the following muscles except:
a. Semitendinosus
b. Semimembranosus
c. Biceps femoris
d. all the above
* e. Gastrocnemius

116. The tibial collateral ligament extends from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the:
a. Neck of the tibia
b. Medial semilunar cartilage
* c. Medial aspect of the tibia
d. Tuberosity of the fibula
e. None of the above.

117. The medial meniscus of the knee joint
a. Is circular in shape
* b. Has anterior and posterior horns
c. Is more mobile than the lateral meniscus
d. Gives insertion to some fibres of popliteus
e. Is injured less frequently

118. As regards the popliteal fossa:
* a. Its floor is made of femur, oblique popliteal ligament and popliteus muscle.
b. Its superolateral boundary is the semimembranosus.
c. Its infero-medial border is formed by the soleus muscle.
d. (a) (b) & (c)
e. None of the above

119. Concerning the popliteal fossa:
a. The tibial and common peroneal nerves are contents.
b. The great saphenous vein is a content.
c. The articular branch of the obturator nerve is a content.
* d. (a) and (c)
e. All the above

120. The nerve most commonly injured in the popliteal fossa is:
a. Tibial nerve
* b. Common peroneal nerve
c. Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
d. Deep peroneal nerve
e. Superficial peroneal nerve

121. The intra-articular structure(s) of the knee joint include:
a. Anterior & posterior cruciate ligament.
b. Transverse ligament
c. Tendon of popliteus
d. Medial & lateral meniscus
* e. All of the above

122. Which of the following structures passes superficial to the neck of the fibula?
a. Saphenous nerve
* b. Lateral popliteal nerve
c. Sural nerve

d. Short saphenous vein
e. Popliteal artery

123. The head of the fibula gives attachment to the
a. Extensor digitorum longus
b. Extensor hallucis longus
c. Tibialis anterior
d. Peroneus brevis
* e. Biceps.

124. The posterior surface of tibia gives attachment to the following except the
a. Popliteus muscle
b. Soleus
c. Tibialis posterior
* d. Flexor hallucis longus
e. Flexor digitorum longus.

125. All are TRUE about extensor digitorum longus,except
a. Arises from the tibia and fibula
b. Is an extensor of the interphalangeal joints
c. Lies deep to the inferior extensor retinaculum
d. Sends slips to the lateral four toes
* e. All of the above.

126. The peroneus longus muscle arises from the
a. Head of fibula
b. Lateral condyle of tibia
c. Lateral surface of fibula
d. (a) and (b)
* e. (a), (b) and (c).

127. The superficial peroneal nerve supplies the:
a. Extensor digitorum brevis
* b. Peroneus longus
c. Peroneus tertius
d. Skin of the webs between the first and second toe
e. Tibialis posterior

128. Find out the correct statement:-
a. The flexor hallucis longus arises from the posterior surface of the shaft of tibia
* b. The popliteus acts as a lateral rotator of the thigh when the foot is on the ground.
c. The plantaris muscle lies deeper to the medial head of the gastrocnemius.
d. The popliteal artery enters the leg between the gastrocnemius and soleus.
e. The tibialis posterior is an evertor of the foot.

129. Regarding the tibial nerve:-
* a. It arises from the sciatic nerve
b. It gives off two genicular nerves to supply the knee joint

c. Its only cutaneous branch is the lateral cutaneous nerve of the calf
d. Its root value is L5, S1 and S2

130. The peroneus longus is inserted into the
a. Base of the fifth metatarsal bone
b. Cuboid
* c. Base of the first metatarsal bone
d. Lateral cuneiform bone
e. Tuberosity of the navicular bone.

131. Tibialis anterior
a. Has an attachment to both bones of the leg
b. Everts the foot
c. Receives motor fibres from superficial peroneal nerve
d. Plantar flexes the foot
* e. Has an attachment to the metatarsal of the big toe.

132. The following is TRUE of the anterior tibial artery except
* a. Begins at the upper border of popliteus muscle
b. Lies under cover of the superior extensor retinaculum
c. Passes between the two bones of the leg
d. Is crossed superficially by extensor hallucis longus
e. Ends at the level of the ankle joint

133. The common peroneal nerve contains fibres which conduct
a. Sensory impulses from skin over the heel
* b. Motor impulses to Tibialis anterior
c. Motor impulses to Tibialis posterior
d. Sensory impulses from the hip joint
e. Motor impulses to Flexor hallucis longus

134. Peroneus longus muscle or its tendon
a. Grooves the tibia
b. Dorsiflexes the foot
c. Supplied by deep peroneal nerve
* d. Has an attachment to the metatarsal of the big toe
e. None of the above.

135. Tibialis posterior muscle, find the TRUE statement:
a. Arises from the tibia only
b. Supplied by deep peroneal nerve
* c. Is attached to the medial cuneiform
d. Dorsiflexes the foot
e. Is attached to the metatarsal of the big toe

136. The Tibial Nerve, find the TRUE statement:
a. Gives branches to skin over the popliteal fossa
b. Gives a peroneal branch to peroneus longus and brevis
c. Gives branches to skin over the heel
* d. Enters the popliteal fossa through the adductor opening
e. None of the above.

137. Regarding the interosseous membrane of the leg, find the FALSE one.
* a. In the upper part of the leg its plane is antero-posterior.
b. In the lower part of the leg its more nearly medio-lateral.
c. the anterior tibial vessels enter the anterior compartment of the leg through the upper end of the posterior part of the interosseous membrane.
d. Fibres run obliquely downwards and lateraly from the tibia to the fibula.
e. Forms a syndesmosum.

138. The most medial of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg is the:
a. Extensor hallucis longus.
b. Extensor digitorum longus
* c. Tibialis anterior
d. Peroneus tertius
e. Extensor digitorum brevis

139. The prominent bump on the lateral aspect of the leg distal to the knee joint in the:
a. Tibial tuberosity
* b. Head of the fibula
c. Lateral condyle of the femur
d. A lateral extension of the tibia.
e. None of the above.

140. The soleus muscle:
* a. Is sometimes called the ''peripheral heart''
b. Contains a few veins
c. Inserts commonly with the flexor hallucis longus.
d. Arises from the tibia only
e. Is an example of a ''white muscle''.

141. Fracture of the neck of the fibula:
a. Can cause excessive dorsiflexion
b. May lead to injury of the tibial nerve.
* c. May be associated with foot drop after sometime.
d. May lead to failure to invert
e. None of the above.

142. Peroneus tertius muscle:
a. Has an attachment to the fibula
b. Receives motor fibres from the superficial peroneal nerve
c. Its tendon shares a synovial sheath with extensor digitorum longus
d. Everts the foot
* e. (a),(c) & (d)

143. The deep peroneal nerve, find the TRUE statement:
a. Begins at the distal border of popliteus muscle
b. Passes over the superior extensor retinaculum
* c. Passes between the two bones of the leg.
d. Gives motor fibres to peroneus longus
e. Ends at the level of the ankle joint

144. The following is TRUE about the soleus muscle except:
a. Attaches to tendo calcaneus more distally than does gastrocnemius muscle.
b. Receives motor fibres to its tibial head from the tibial nerve.
* c. Receives motor fibres to its fibular head from the common peroneal nerve.
d. Plantarflexes at the ankle joint.
e. It is sometimes described as the "peripheral heart".

145. Abductor hallucis muscle:
a. Attaches to the medial part of calcaneus only
b. Abducts the big toe.
* c. Is supplied by the lateral plantar nerve.
d. Is supplied by deep peroneal nerve.
e. Attaches to the distal phalanx of the big toe.

146. Muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg, which act as dorsiflexors of the foot, include all the following except:
a. extensor digitorum longus
b. extensor hallucis longus
* c. peroneus longus
d. peroneus tertius
e. tibialis anterior

147. Which muscle is described as the "beef of the heel".
* a. Flexor hallucis longus
b. Flexor digitorum longus
c. Tibialis posterior
d. Tibialis anterior
e. Soleus

148. Regarding the tendon of flexor hallucis longus, which of the following statements is FALSE:
a. It is invested by a synovial sheath throughout its whole course in the sole of the foot.
b. It inserts at the base of the distal phalanx of the big toe.
c. It is crossed by the tendon of flexor digitorum longus.
d. It lies in a groove beneath the sustentaculum tali.
* e. It is part of the fourth layer of the foot.

149. Cutaneous innervation of the back of the leg include the following except:
a. Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
b. Lateral cutaneous nerve of the calf
c. Sural nerve
d. Saphenous nerve
* e. Branch from the superficial nerve.

150. The medial malleolus articulates with the
a. Calcaneum
b. Lateral malleolus
* c. Talus
d. (a) and (b)
e. (a),(b)and (c).

151. The lateral ligament of the ankle joint:
a. Is sometimes known as the deltoid ligament
* b. Is the ligament injured in the common sprains of the ankle
c. Has no attachment to the talus
d. Gains attachment to the sustentaculum tali
e. Prevents excessive eversion at the subtalar joint.

152. Which nerve gives sensory innervation to the heel of the foot.
a. Sural
* b. Tibial
c. Saphenous
d. Medial plantar
e. Lateral plantar.

153. Which of the following statements is correct for the flexor retinaculum? It passes between the:
a. Lateral malleolus and the medial surface of the calcaneus
* b. Medial malleolus and the medial surface of the calcaneus
c. Lateral malleolus and the lateral surface of the calcaneus
d. Medial malleolus and the lateral surface of the calcaneus
e. Tibia and fibula above the ankle joint.

154. The ankle joint, find the TRUE statement:
a. Allows eversion and inversion.
* b. Tibialis posterior grooves the back of the tibia.
c. Flexor hallucis longus grooves the tibia.
d. The dorsalis pedis terminates over the navicular and cuniform bones.
e. The mortis is wider posteriorly and narrower anteriorly.

155. Is the site for eversion and inversion movements:
a. Ankle joint.
* b. Midtarsal joint.
c. Tarso-metatarsal joint.
d. Metatarso-phalangeal joint.
e. Interphalangeal joint.

156. The ankle joint is most unstable in:
a. Inversion
* b. Eversion
c. Dorsiflexion
d. Plantar flexion
e. Plantar grade position.

157. Regarding the plantar arch
a. The dorsalis pedis artery joins its lateral side
b. It gives off the digital arteries
c. It is formed by the medial plantar artery
d. It lies between the third and fourth layers of the muscles of sole
* e. (b) and (d).

158. The long plantar ligament is attached to the
a. Anterior ridge of cuboid
b. Anterior tubercle of calcaneum
c. Posterior ridge of cuboid
d. Posterior tubercle of calcaneum
* e. All of the above.

159. The commonest type of club foot is:
* a. Talipes equino varus
b. Talipes equino valgus
c. Talipes calcaneo varus
d. Talipes calcaneo valgus
e. All the above have more or less equal frequency.

160. The following muscles are in the second layer of muscles of the foot except:
a. Tendon of flexor hallucis longus
b. Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
c. Flexor accessorius
d. Lumbrical muscles
* e. Flexor hallucis brevis

161. Between which muscle layers in the foot, does the neuro vascular bundle lie.
a. First and second
b. Second and third
* c. Third and fourth
d. Fourth and fifth
e. Both between first and second, and between second and third.

162. After its main insertion into the navicular, the tibialis posterior muscle sends bands of muscle to the following except
a. Sustentaculum tali
b. Medial cuniform
c. Intermediate cuneiform
d. Lateral cuneiform
* e. The base of first metatarsal

163. About the inferior calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament:
a. Attaches on the sustentaculum tali proximally
b. Attaches distally between the tuberosity and articular margin
of the navicular
c. It prevents the head of the talus from getting displaced in the medial longitudinal arch

d. (a) and (b)
* e. (a),(b) and (c).

164. Which of the following statements concerning talus is FALSE.
* a. It shows a groove sulcus tali, which transmits the tendon of peroneus longus
b. Some muscle slips from the tibialis posterior muscle insert into it.
c. It is the third tarsal bone start ossifying after the Calcaneus and cuboid
d. All the above apply
e. Only (a) and (c) apply

165. The following is true about the big toe except
a. Is extended by extensor hallucis longus
b. Has a cutaneous nerve supply from the medial plantar nerve
c. Is deviated towards the median plane by abductor hallucis
* d. Is flexed partly by Flexor digitorum brevis

166. The subtatar joint:
a. Has articular surfaces covered with fibrocartilage
b. Is found between the cuboid and calcaneous
* c. Allows inversion and eversion
d. Is supported on its medial side by the calcaneo fibular ligament
e. Cannot be seen on a lateral radiograph of the ankle

167. Which is a plantar flexor of the foot.
a. Extensor digitorum longus
* b. Peroneus longus
c. Peroneus tertius
d. Tibialis anterior
e. Popliteus

168. Which of the following is not a bony component of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot?
a. Talus
* b. Cuboid
c. Calcaneus
d. Navicular
e. First three metatarsals

169. The pulse of dorsalis pedis artery may be palpated:
a. Behind the medial malleolus
b. Between the fourth and fifth toes
c. Posterior to the lateral malleolus
d. Between the first and second toes
* e. Distal to the ankle joint on the dorsum of the foot.

170. Which of the following is true regarding the muscles of the
sole of the foot.
a. Strongly support the arches
b. Functionally arranged in three groups
c. Innervated by the medial and lateral plantar nerves
d. Supplied by branches of the posterior tibial artery
* e. All the above.

171. In the foot, all are TRUE except:
a. The transverse arch is made up of the 3 cuneiform bones, cuboid and bases of metatarsal bones.
b. The medial and lateral parts of the longitudinal arch serve as pillars to the transverse arch.
c. The plantar calcaneo-navicular ligament (spring) prevents collapse of the medial longitudinal arch.
d. Subtalar joint allows eversion, inversion and some gliding movements.
* e. The ankle joint is most stable during plantar flexion.

172. The skin over the dorsum of the foot is supplied by the:
a. Saphenous nerve
b. Lateral cutaneous nerve of calf
c. Superficial peroneal nerve
* d. (a) & (c)
e. (a), (b)& (c)

173. The flexor digitorum brevis muscle is innervated by the:
a. Superficial peroneal nerve.
b. Deep peroneal nerve.
c. Lateral plantar nerve.
* d. Medial plantar nerve.
e. Calcaneal branch.

174. Concerning the flexor digitorum brevis, all of the following are:
TRUE except:
* a. The flexor accessorius (quadratus plantae) muscles inserts into its tendon.
b. It lies superficial to the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus.
c. It is innervated by the medial plantar nerve.
d. Its tendons insert into the middle (intermediate) phalanges of the toes.
e. It has no action at ankle joint.

175. Which of the following have been mismatched?
a. First layer of plantar muscles, abductor hallucis.
b. Second layer of plantar muscles, quadratus plantae.
c. Second layer of plantar muscles, 1st (medial) lumbrical.
d. Third layer of plantar muscles, flexor hallucis brevis.
* e. Fourth layer, flexor digitorum brevis.

176. Foot drop may be caused by damage to the:
* a. Common peroneal (lateral popliteal) nerve.
b. Superficial peroneal nerve.
c. Deep peroneal nerve.
d. Tibial nerve.
e. None of the above.

177. The fourth layer of the foot include the following except:
* a. Flexor accessorius
b. Plantar interossei
c. Dorsal interossei
d. Peroneus longus tendon
e. Tibialis posterior tendon

178. The following is TRUE regarding the dorsal digital expansion of the middle toe except:
a. Receives a contribution from extensor digitorum longus
* b. Has an insertion into the proximal phalanx
c. Receives a contribution from interosseous muscles
d. Has an insertion into the distal phalanx
e. Receives a contribution from extensor digitorum brevis

179. The muscle attached to the talus is the:
a. Soleus.
b. Peroneus tertius.
c. Extensor digitorum brevis.
d. Tibialis anterior.
* e. None of the above.

180. Lymph from the medial border of the foot drains into the
* a. Lower superficial inguinal nodes
b. Nodes near the ankle
c. Nodes near the popliteal fossa
d. Upper superficial inguinal nodes
e. External iliac nodes.

181. The long saphenous vein begins on the:
* a. Dorsum of the foot
b. Plantar aspect of the foot
c. Front of the leg
d. Front of the thigh
e. None of the above.

182. Regarding the venous drainage of the lower limb:
a. The greater saphenous originates at the lateral end of the dorsal venous arch.
b. The short saphenous vein ends in the calf region.
c. Varicose veins occur only on the right hand side.
* d. The greater saphenous vein arches over the saphenous opening to drain into famoral vein after receiving tributaries from the lower anterior abdomen wall and the genitals.
e. Deep vein thrombosis in soleus muscle is of little consequence since the greater saphenous vein can drain the blood back to the femoral vein.

183. The root values for the genitofemoral nerve are:
a. S2 and S3
b. L2 and L3
* c. L1 and L2
d. L2, L3 and L4
e. L1, L2 and L3

184. The following are TRUE about Peroneus tertius muscle except
a. Has an attachment to the fibula
b. Shares a synovial sheath with extensor digitorum longus
c. Everts the foot
* d. Has an attachment to the proximal phalanx of the little toe
e. Receives motor fibres from deep peroneal nerve.

185. Regarding nerves of the lower limb, find the FALSE statement:
a. Injury of the common peroneal nerve causes failure to dorsiflex.
* b. the obturator nerve is only motor to the adductors of the lower limb.
c. The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh is the longest cutaneous nerve in the body.
d. Severe injury of a motor nerve leads to wasting of the muscles innervated.
e. The hip joint is innervated by the nerve to the quadratus femoris.

186. The femoral nerve:
a. Supplies the psoas major muscle
b. Continues as the lateral cutaneous nerve
c. Lies within the femoral sheath
d. Supplies the obturator externus muscle
* e. Arises from the anterior divisions of L2, L3, and L4

187. Which of the following statements about the obturator artery is FALSE:
a. It is a branch of the internal iliac.
b. It enters the thigh through the anterosuperior aspect of the obturator foramen.
c. It is accompanied through most of its course by the obturator nerve.
* d. In the thigh it lies deep to the adductor magnus.
e. None of the above.

188. Regarding the vericose veins of the lower limbs. Which of the following is FALSE:
* a. Follow incompetent arterial valves.
b. Soleus and gastrocnemius help to prevent that.
c. Are common in the posterior and medial parts of the limb.
d. The great saphenous vein lies anterior to the medial malleolus.
e. Superficial veins communicate with the deep veins through perforating branches.

189. The most muscular vein of the lower limb that may be used as an arterial substitute is the:
a. Post tibial
b. Soleal
* c. Saphenous
d. Femoral
e. Posterior tibial

190. Concerning the lower limb, all are TRUE except
* a. A femoral hernial sac would protrude just below the inguinal ligament, and lateral to femoral vein.
b. The knee Jerk reflex provides functionsl test for intergrity of L2, L3 and L4 spinal segments.
c. Ankle jerk tests the integrity of S1 and S2
d. The posterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint prevents anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia.
e. Muscles which act cross two joints include sartorius, gastrocnemius
and the plantaris.

191. The saphenous nerve, find the TRUE statement:
a. Passes through the adductor canal.
* b. Pierces the cribriform fascia.
c. Sends motor fibres to vastus medialis
d. Accompanies the great saphenous vein in the thigh.
e. Crosses the femoral artery from its medial to lateral side in the abductor canal.

192. The following areas are cutaneously innervated by the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh except:
a. Skin of the buttock
b. Perineum
c. Popliteal fossa
d. Back of the thigh
* e. Antero-lateral area of thigh.

ANSWERS FOR LOWER LIMB
1. A 37. E 73. E 109. C
2. E 38. D 74. A 110. E
3. D 39. D 75. D 111. C
4. C 40. E 76. D 112. D
5. E 41. B 77. B 113. D
6. C 42. B 78. C 114. B
7. E 43. E 79. A 115. E
8. E 44. B 80. B 116. C
9. E 45. E 81. C 117. B
10. E 46. C 82. C 118. A
11. D 47. E 83. D 119. D
12. E 48. B 84. A 120. B
13. C 49. E 85. D 121. E
14. E 50. C 86. E 122. B
15. A 51. A 87. E 123. E
16. B 52. D 88. A 124. D
17. A 53. A 89. B 125. E
18. E 54. A 90. B 126. E
19. C 55. E 91. E 127. B
20. D 56. D 92. D 128. B
21. C 57. A 93. B 129. A
22. E 58. E 94. E 130 C
23. D 59. A 95. A 131. E
24. D 60. B 96. B 132. A
25. B 61. E 97. D 133. B
26. D 62. C 98. D 134. D
27. C 63. D 99. B 135. C
28. C 64. C 100. A 136. D
29. E 65. E 101. C 137. A
30. D 66. B 102. D 138. C
31. C 67. B 103. C 139. B
32. B 68. C 104. B 140. A
33. B 69. D 105. E 141. C
34. D 70. D 106. C 142. E
35. E 71. A 107. E 143. C
36. C 72. A 108. E 144. C

145. C 157. E 169. E 181. A
146. C 158. E 170. E 182. D
147. A 159. A 171. E 183. C
148. E 160. E 172. D 184. D
149. E 161. C 173. D 185. B
150. C 162. E 174. A 186. E
151. B 163. E 175. E 187. D
152. B 164. A 176. A 188. A
153. B 165. D 177. A 189. C
154. B 166. C 178. B 190. A
155. B 167. B 179. E 191. B
156. B 168. B 180. A 192. E

Human Anatomy Question Paper

More Question Papers

Popular Exams