Soil Habitat Question Paper

Soil Habitat

Course:Bachelor Of Environmental Studies

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2009

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2009/2010
FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

ENS 233: SOIL HABITAT

DATE: Wednesday 23rd December 2009 TIME: 2.00 p.m. – 4.00 p.m.

INSTRUCTIONS
Answer question one and any other three.

Q1.
a)
Define
the
following
terms.
[10marks]
i)
Illuviation
ii)
Transportation
iii)
Edaphology
iv)
Soil
Dynamism
v)
Soil
structure

b)
Briefly discuss ways in which development of a mature soil is manifested.

[8marks]

c)
Discuss the major characteristics of soil colloids.

[7marks]

Q2.
Soil formation is an laterplay of various factors. Discuss using relevant

examples, the main factors involved in soil formation.

[15marks]

Page 1 of 2
3.
i)
With the aid of a diagram, illustrate and explain the main building blocks

of clay materials.

[15marks]

ii)
Using examples, differentiate between expanding and non-expanding

mineral types.

[5marks]

iii)
Discuss the importance of soil organisms to a farmer.
[5 marks]

4.
i)
Discuss and illustrate, the various types of structures found in tropical

soils.

[10marks]

ii)
Briefly explain five importances of soil structure.

5.
i)
Write short notes on the following.

[6marks]
i)
Macro-nutrients
i)
1:1
type
clays
ii)
Organic
matter

ii)
Differentiate between bulk density and particle density.
[1mark]

iii)
Discuss factors that affect soil bulk density.

[8marks]

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Page 2 of 2

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