Ecotoxicology Question Paper

Ecotoxicology

Course:Bachelor Of Environmental Studies

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2009

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2009/2010
FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
ENS 411: ECOTOXICOLOGY

DATE: Tuesday 29th December, 2009 TIME: 11.00 a.m. – 1.00 p.m.

INSTRUCTIONS
Answer question 1 and any other THREE questions.
Q1.
a.
Briefly explain the following:

a)
Ecological stressors.

[5 marks]
b)
Bioavailability
and
exposure
[5
marks]
c)
Toxicity
Testing/end
point.
[5
marks]
d)
Biotransformation
[5
marks]

b.
Give 5 examples of the possibilities of biotoxification.
[5 marks]
Q2.
There is a lot of public interest and politics involved with the study and
dissemination of toxicological information. Briefly discuss chlorinated
hydrocarbons based pesticides and their controversy in their application for pest
control
in
Africa.
[15
marks]
Q3.
Briefly explain advantages and disadvantages of the following category of
toxicology study when used to assess the potential human hazard or safety of a
particular chemical.
a)
Occupational
Epidemiology
(Human) studies.

[7 marks]

b)
Environmentally Exposed Epidemiologic studies.
[8 marks]
Q4.
Discuss safety (uncertainty) factors for ecological risk assessment. [15 marks]
Q5.
Discuss the dynamics distribution and potential hazards posed by cadmium in
pastoral soils.
………………….
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