History And Systems Of Psychology Question Paper

History And Systems Of Psychology

Course:Bachelor Of Arts In Psychology

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2009

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2008/2009
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE EDUCATION AND
BACHELOR OF ARTS
APS 103: HISTORY AND SYSTEMS OF PSYCHOLOGY

DATE: MONDAY 30TH MARCH 2009

TIME: 11.00-1.00pm
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INSTRUCTIONS:
SECTION A: COMPULSORY 30 MARKS

Q1.
(a)
Give 3 examples in history of psychology of how historical data can be
distorted.

[3
Marks]

(b)
Distinguish between personalistic and naturalistc conceptions of scientific

history.

[3 Marks]

(c)
What is the Zeitgeist? How did the Zeitgeis of the 17th Century in Europe

affect the evolution of Psychology as science?

[5 Marks]

(d)
Distinguish between founding and originating in science. Why is Wundt

and not Fechner considered the founder of psychology?
[4 Marks]

(e)
Outline the criticisms leveled against introspection as a method of study
used
by
Structuralists?

[3 Marks]

(f)
State the four major principles of behaviorism.

[2 Marks]

(g)
What factors impeded acceptance of Gestalt psychology in the United

States in the 1930?s?

[4 Marks]

(h)
Define the following Freudian defense mechanisms:

(i)
Sublimation (ii)
Rationalization

[3 Marks]

(i)
State any three ways in which cognitive psychology differs from

behavioral psychology.

[3 Marks]

SECTION B: Answer only two questions.
Q2. (a) Discuss
any
4 contextual forces in the 19th and 20th centaury that

influenced the development of modern Psychology. [10 Marks]

(b)
Briefly explain the mind- body problem as postulated by Rene Descartes.

[4 Marks]

(c)
Briefly explain John Locke?s concepts of (i) sensation and reflection,

(ii) simple and complex ideas and (iii) primary and secondary qualities.

[6 Marks]
Q3.
(a)
Discuss why the evolution of psychology as a discipline emerged in

Germany and not elsewhere?

[10 Marks]

(b)
In which ways did the theory of evolution by Charles Darwin (1809-

1882) influence the ideas and growth of functionalism movement in the
USA
.

[10
Marks]

Q4.
(a)
Behaviorism got its start at the University of Chicago and later John

Hopkins both in USA in the early 1900s, briefly discuss factors that made

behaviorism appealing to Americans at that time.
[10 Marks]

b)
Explain the principles of perceptual organization as conceived by

Wertheitmer. (Use drawings to illustrate your answer). [10 Marks]

Q5.
(a)
Discuss the following concepts in terms of their therapeutic role in
psychoanalysis.
(i)
Free
association (ii) Dream analysis

(iii)

Resistances

(iv)
Parapraxes
[10 Marks]

(b)
Compare and contrast the views of Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers on
self
actualization
and
the characteristics of the psychologically health

person.

[10 Marks]

Happy Easter
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