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Environmental Policy Formulation, Planning And Enforcement Question Paper

Environmental Policy Formulation, Planning And Enforcement

Course:Bachelor Of Environmental Studies

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2009

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2008/2009
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
(PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT)

EPM 243: ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY FORMULATION, PLANNING AND
ENFORCEMENT

DATE: Thursday 2nd April, 2009

TIME: 11.00 A.M.-1.00pm
INSTRUCTIONS:
•
Answer Question ONE and any other TWO questions.
•
Start questions on a fresh page
•
Use example and illustrations to illuminate your answers where necessary.
Q1.
a)
Compare and contrast the concepts of “Planning” and “Policy”. [8 Marks]
b)
Using any issue of your choice, explain the elements of a public policy. [8 Marks]
c)
Discuss the factors that guide the choice of a policy enforcement instrument. [14 Marks]
Q2.
a)
Discuss three elements of Principle 10 of Rio declaration that shows the level of public participation in policy making. [10 Marks]
b)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a broad based public participation in policy making? [10 Marks]
Q3.
a)
Discuss four landmark events that shaped the development of International Environmental Policy. [12 Marks]
b)
Why is policy making considered a political process? [8 Marks]
Q4.
a)
Explain the challenges facing waste management in Kenya. [10 Marks]
b)
What policy measure can you propose to resolve the challenges identified in (a) above? [10 Marks]
Q5.
Kitengela Country Council has been operating without an environmental policy. Assume you have been hired as a consultant to assist them formulate the policy. Discuss how you will accomplish the task. [20 Marks]

Environmental Policy Formulation, Planning And Enforcement Question Paper

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