Krm 508: Water And Soil Conservation Question Paper

Krm 508: Water And Soil Conservation

Course:Master Of Science

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2012

DATE: TUESDAY, 3RD APRIL 2012

TIME: 9.00 A.M – 12.00 A.M
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INSTRUCTIONS; Answer Question ONE and any other THREE Questions
1.
a)
Write short notes on the following terms

(i)
Soil conservation

(ii)
Soil moisture tension

(iii)
Permanent wilting point

(iv)
Soil field capacity

(v)
Crop water use efficiency

b)
Show how water and soil conservation study can contribute to the realization of

the goals of the Kenya government of opening up arid and semi- arid lands.
[10 marks]
2.
Discuss soil conservation strategies that applicable in cultivated lands.
[ 10 marks]
3.
Briefly discuss the major factors that affect surface runoff process
[ 10 marks]
4.
a) Define six factors that form the Universal Soil Loss Equation( USLE) [ 6 marks]
b) From a standard runoff plot, it was determined that the average annual soil loss
was 36 Mgha ?1 per year. What was the soil erodibility factor if rainfall erosivity
factor for the area 24 MJha ?1 mmh ?1 .

[ 4 marks]
5.
a)
Define the following terms

(i)
Water erosion

(ii)
Crop water requirement

(iii)
Net irrigation requirement

(iv)
Land degradation

(v)
Soil consistency

[ 5 marks]
b)
Calculate the gross amount of water to be applied to the field if the net
amount of irrigation is 8cm and the field efficiency is 75 percent. [ 5 marks]

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