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Hsci 225:Hiv/Aids Question Paper

Hsci 225:Hiv/Aids

Course:Nursing

Institution: Kenya Methodist University question papers

Exam Year:2012

KENYA METHODIST UNIVERSITY

END OF 3''RD ''TRIMESTER 2012 (EVENING) EXAMINATIONS
SCHOOL : MEDICINE & HEALTH SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT : NURSING
UNIT CODE : HSCI 225
UNIT TITLE : HIV & AIDS
TIME : 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS

This paper has three sections A, B and C. All are compulsory.

Answer questions in the answer booklet provided.

Write your registration number on each page of the answer booklet.

SECTION A: MCQs (20 Marks)

For question 1 – 10 select the most appropriate answer amongst the four A,B,C, or D. Each correct answer earns a mark

Question One

Universal/standard precautions are intended to;

Isolate the patients with HIV/AIDs to avoid transmission of the virus.
Replace the practice of general infection control.
Reduce the risk of an AIDs patient from becoming infected with an opportunistic infection.
Prevent blood to blood and broken skin exposure to HIV infection.

Question Two

In HIV/AIDs the word deficiency means;

Overwhelming opportunistic infections.
The immune system is weakened.
A variety of different symptoms and illness.
The body has a virus.

Question Three

HIV infection in adults progresses more slowly than in children because;

In adults the immune system is slow in fighting the HIV infection.
In children the immune system generally fights the HIV infection because they are young.
In children the immune system has not yet built up immunity to many infectious agents.
In adults the disease is very aggressive.

Question Four

Two types of HIV antibody tests are;

ELIZA and serological tests.
Western immunoblot test and HIV PROVIRAL dna.
Western immunoblot and ELIZA tests.
ELIZA and HIV proviral DNA.

Question Five

To prevent the spread of HIV infection it is vital to;

Know the ways by which HIV is spread.
Take a balanced diet every day.
To disregard the myths about HIV/AIDs.
To promote and respect all types of sexual orientation.

Question Six

The HIV virus targets;

Red blood cells.
Platelets.
Lymphocytes.
Suppressor cells.

Question Seven

Exposure to HIV means;

HIV antibody test is positive.
HIV antibody test is negative.
Viral load is low.
Sero conversion has occurred.

Question Eight

Two symptoms seen with wasting syndrome are;

Unexplained weight loss and night sweats.
Poor appetite and vomiting.
Diarrhea and weight loss.
Vomiting and weight loss.

Question Nine

The effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy is measured by;

A rise in the red blood cell count.
A fall in viral load and an increase in CD4 count.
A rise in HIV antibody levels.
Lack of advance reaction.

Question Ten

A mother can transmit HIV to her unborn baby when;

Breastfeeding.
Bathing the baby with bare hands.
Cleaning the umbilical cord.
Changing the baby’s diaper due to contact with baby’s genital organs.

For question 11 – 15, respond with T if TRUE or an F if FALSE. A correct response earns ½ a mark.

Question Eleven

HIV/AIDs is;

One of the greatest challenges facing the world in the 21st century.
Not related to gender inequality.
A major cause of poverty.
Undoing many of the development gains made in recent decades.

Question Twelve

A person infected with HIV;

May live for many years after infection.
Will always have signs and symptoms.
Ultimately dies because of AIDs.
Can be treated and completed cured if they start ARVs early.

Question Thirteen

Concerning the spread of HIV infection;

AIDs was formally described in 1982, with the isolation of the virus in 1983.
Approximately 1% of the world’s population in the 15 – 48 years age group is affected.
Heterosexual transmission accounts for 90% cases in Sub- Saharan Africa.
The male-to-female infection rates is currently 20:1

Question Fourteen

Concerning HIV transmission;

Health workers are at a higher risk of being exposed and infected with HIV virus.
If their infants test negative, women with HIV infection can breast feed.
If the HIV status of a patient is not known, the person who is potentially exposed can presume it is negative.
Family members who care for relatives with AIDs need to sterilize linen and utensils because HIV can survive in them for prolonged periods of time.

Question Fifteen

About antiretroviral therapy;

Early initiation can lead to HIV infection cure.
The current guidelines do not recommend single drug therapy.
One of the goals of ARVs therapy is to sustain a viral load of less than 50.
If the patient does not have an increase of CD4 count, the therapy regimen could be failing.

SECTION B: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (40 Marks)

Question One
Explain five reasons why condoms fail. (10 Marks)

Question Two
Describe the importance of good nutrition in HIV/AIDs management. (10 Marks)

Question Three
List four steps followed during voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) of HIV/AIDs. (2 Marks)

Question Four
Explain how circumcision enhances prevention of HIV spread. (5 Marks)

Question Five
State five groups of people at risk for HIV infection. (5 Marks)

Question Six

Explain the following terms as they relate to HIV/AIDs;

Opportunistic infection.

(2 Marks)

Stigma.

(3 Marks)

Widow period.

(3 Marks)

SECTION C: LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (40 Marks)

Question One
Describe the socio economic factors that facilitate HIV infection. (10 Marks)

Question Two
Discuss the rights of people living with AIDs (PLWAs) in Kenya. (10 Marks)

Question Three

Explain the WHO classification of HIV infection in adults.

(10 marks)

Describe the biological factors that increase the risk of HIV transmission.

(10 Marks)

Hsci 225:Hiv/Aids Question Paper

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