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Hfn 210: Analytical Chemistry Question Paper

Hfn 210: Analytical Chemistry

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Food, Nutrition And Dietetics

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2012

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXTERMINATIONS 2010/2011
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN FOODS, NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
HFN 210: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
DATE: THURSDAY 29TH MARCH 2012 TIME: 8.00 A.M - 10.00 A.M
______________________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer All questions

1. (a) What is analytical chemistry? (2 marks)

(b) Outline the roles of an analytical chemist. (3 marks)

(c) Highlight five advantages of instrumental analysis over chemical analysis? (5 marks)

2. (a) Define a sample. (2 marks)

(b) Explain the following steps in the analysis of samples:

i. Plan of analysis (3 marks)

ii. Removal of interfering compounds (3 marks)

iii. Sampling (3 marks)

3. (a) What is a mole? (2 marks)

(b) 6 g of sodium hydroxide pellets was dissolved in 100 ml in a volumetric flask. 30 ml of the sodium hydroxide solution was used to fill a burette and subsequently titrated into 25 ml of sulphuric acid in a conical flask to which 2 drops of phenolphthalein indicator had been added. (MW: Na=22.9, H = 1, O = 16, S = 32)

i. What was the titrant (1 mark)

ii. What was the titrand (1 mark)

iii. Calculate the moles of sodium hydroxide that reacted with the acid in the conical flask.
(3 marks)

iv. Calculate the moles of sulphuric acid in the beaker. (3 marks)

v. Calculate the concentration of acid in molarity. (2 marks)

4. (a) Distinguish between the following terms as used in gas chromatography:

i. Isothermal elution and temperature programming. (2 marks)

ii. Adsorption and partition chromatography. (2 marks)

(b) Draw a block diagram of a gas chromatograph. (4 marks)

(c) Briefly discuss one gas chromatograph component of your choice. (2 marks)

5. (a) Distinguish between the following terms as used in high pressure chromatography:

(i) Normal phase and reverse-phase chromatography (4 marks)

(ii) Isocratic and gradient elution (2 marks)

(b) Explain the term resolution as used in chromatography (4 marks)

6. (a) Explain the following interference effects encountered in atomic spectroscopy:

i. Self absorption (2 marks)

ii. Flame emission (2 marks)

iii. Stable compound formation (2 marks)

(b) Explain how the interference effects due to stable compound formation can be solved.
(3 marks)

7. (a) Give three applications for X-ray spectroscopy. (3 marks)

(b) Explain the principle of flame emission spectroscopy. (3 marks)

(c) Briefly explain the two mechanisms that result in x-ray production in an x-ray tube.
(2 marks)

Hfn 210: Analytical Chemistry Question Paper

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