Biotechnology And Health Question Paper

Biotechnology And Health

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Environmental Health

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2009

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2009/2010
FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF SCIENCE (ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH)
HEH 409: BIOTECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH
===================================================================================
DATE: THURSDAY 24TH DECEMBER 2009 TIME: 2.00 P.M. – 4.00 P.M.
INSTRUCTIONS
Answer ALL Questions in Section A, Question 6 and any other Two in Section B.
Each Questions in Section A is 4 marks, question 6 is 20 marks and the others in Section B are 15 each.
SECTION A – Answer ALL Questions.

1. Distinguish between the following terms
i) Gene and alleles. (1 mark)
ii) Genotype and phenotype (1 mark)
iii) Intron and exons (1 mark)
iv) Codon and anticodon (1 mark)

2. State 4 characteristics of cloning vectors. (4 marks)

3. Define transcription and state 3 post transcriptional modifications on mRNA.
(3 marks)

4. Outline any four characteristics of genetic code. (4 marks)

5. State 4 sources of genetic polymorphisms in Human populations. (4 marks)

SECTION B: Answer Question 6 and any other Two Questions.
6. a) Give a detailed account of the processes involved in genetic fingerprinting.
(10 marks)

b) State any five application of genetic fingerprinting. (5 marks)

c) Briefly describe 5 problems associated with gene therapy. (5 marks)

7. a) Describe the following chromosomal disorders
i) Cri du chant syndrome. (5 marks)
ii) Downs syndrome (5 marks)

b) State any five risks factors that can lead to chromosomal aberrations in the
new born. (5 marks)

8. a) Define the term molecular /genetic marker. (1 mark)

b) Describe the following molecular markers.
i) RFLP (5 marks)
ii) Microsatelites (5 marks)

c) State any four applications of molecular markers. (4 marks)

9. a) Explain the term genetic engineering. (2 marks)

b) Explain the fundamental weaknesses of genetic engineering. (13 marks)

10. a) Describe any three tests use din prenatal screening and diagnosis of genetic
disorders. (11 marks)

b) State any four ethical issues associated with prenatal screening and diagnosis
for the above disorders. (4 marks)

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