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Krm204: Principles Of Animal Breeding Question Paper

Krm204: Principles Of Animal Breeding

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Agribusiness Management

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2012

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2011/2012
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF
SCIENCE (AGRIBUSINESS AND TRADE ANDAGRICULTURAL RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT)
KRM 204: PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL BREEDING

DATE: MONDAY 2ND APRIL 2012
TIME:
8.00 A.M – 10.00 A.M
_______________________________________________________________________________
INSTRUCTIONS
Answer Questions ONE and any other THREE Questions
1.
Discuss briefly the breading management approached to improving the following traits in farm
animals.

a.
Reproductive traits

[ 5 marks]

b.
Egg production traits

[ 5 marks]

c.
Milk production traits

[ 5 marks]

d.
Fibre production traits

[ 5 marks]

e.
Carcass quality traits

[ 5 marks]
2.
a.
i)
What is embryo transfer

[ 2 marks]

ii)
State the practical applications of embryo transfer in the improvement of dairy

cattle.

[ 5 marks]

b.
i)
What is artificial insemination

[ 1 mark]

ii)
List six (6) advantages of using artificial insemination.

[ 3 marks]

iii)
List four (4) disadvantages of using artificial insemination
[ 2 marks]

c.
Describe how to use a system of independent culling levels for traits at different ages

in selection programme for Red Masaai sheep.

[ 2 marks]

Page 1 of 2

3.
a.
What are the causes of phenotypic variation?

[ 5 marks]

b.
i)
State two (2) reasons why animal genetic resources should be preserved.
[8 marks]

ii)
Discuss four (4) reasons why farm animal genetic resources should be

conserved.

[ 8 marks]
4.
a.
Differentiate between Disruptive Selection and Directional Selection.
[ 4 marks]

b.
In Angus Cattle the allel for black coat colour ( B) is dominant over the allele
for red coat colour (b) . A population in Hardy- Weinberg Equilibrium has the
following allel frequencies f( B) = and f (b) =?. Assume that Negative Assorted
Mating takes place.
i.
State the mating rules in Negative Assorted Mating.

[ 1 mark]
ii.
Calculate the expected genotypic frequencies in the progeny.
[ 7 marks]
iii.
Calculate the gene frequencies in the progeny .

[ 2 marks]
iv.
What general statement can you make about gene and genotypic frequencies
under Negative Assorted Mating?

[ 1 mark]
5.
a.
Assume two populations where f(b) = 0.2 in population 1 and f(b) = 0.6 in population
2. If the number of animals is population 1 is 8,000 and 2,000 migrate from population 2
to population 1. Calculate the change in gene frequency of b in populating 1 after one(1)
generation of migration.

[ 3 marks]

b.
Differentiate between Heterozygosity and Polymorphism

[ 2 marks]
c.
Calculate the average Heterozygosity in a study of 4 loci in a population if the
frequencies of between Heterozygotes at these loci were 0.21, 0.37, 0.29 and 0.17

[ 5 marks]
d.
Using electrophoresis, thirty (30) gene loci in a bread of goats were studied . The
number of polymorphic loci out of the 30 studied were 19, 20, 12 and 25. Calculate the
average polymorphism in 4 the populations.

[ 5 marks]

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Krm204: Principles Of Animal Breeding Question Paper

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