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Bioc 204:Basic Biochemistry Question Paper
Bioc 204:Basic Biochemistry
Course:Animal Health Production
Institution: Chuka University question papers
Exam Year:2011
INSTRUCTIONS:
ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS.
QUESTION 1
(i) Define biochemistry and give three insights gained from the work of biochemists. [2 marks]
(ii) Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes have significant distinctions. Give three. [1.5 marks]
(iii) Define the following terms that are important in the study of biochemistry.
(a) biomolecules (b) macromolecules (c) peptide bond (d) aldoses (e) ketoses (f) saturated fatty acids (g) unsaturated fatty acids [3.5 marks]
(iv) Amino acids are classified
?
,
? and ? give the reason for this and draw the
general structure for
?
-amino acid. [3 marks]
(v) Nucleotides contains three components. Name them. [3 marks]
(vi) Give the two types of nucleic acids and state the differences between them. [2 marks]
2
QUESTION 2
(i) There are two major types of biochemical pathways, anabolic and catabolic. Define them. [2 marks]
(ii) Name the functional groups in the following molecules
(a) O || CH3 ___ C ___ H
(b) O O || || HO __ C __CH2 CH2 CH __C __OH | NH2
(c) CH3 CH2CH CH3 | OH
(d) O | | CH3 __C __CH3 [2 marks]
(iii) Name four classes of small biomolecules. [2 marks]
(iv) In living organisms, the most important non covalent interactions include ionic interactions, and Van der Waal forces. Give a brief explanation of them. [2 marks]
(v) Give an example of the following amino acids classified according to their capacity to interact with H2O.
(a) Neutral nonpolar amino acid (b) Neutral polar amino acid [2 marks]
(vi) Give the structure of glycine and alanine and indicate their R groups. [3 marks]
(vii) Give 6 functions of proteins. [3 marks]
3
QUESTION 3
(i) Biochemists have distinguished several levels of the structural organization of proteins. Give them and explain briefly. [2 marks]
(ii) Define enzyme and give their two remarkable properties. [2 marks]
(iii) Explain the following terms in relation to enzymes
(a) Activation energy (b) Lock-and-key model of enzyme action. [3 marks]
(iv) Give three major enzyme categories. [3 marks]
QUESTION 4
(i) Give the equation for initial velocity (Vo) of a reaction A ? P in enzyme kinetics and define the terms. [3 marks]
(ii) Explain enzyme inhibitors and list 3 importances of enzyme inhibition. [2 marks]
(iii) Give the Fischer and Haworth forms of D-fructose. [2 marks]
(iv) Carbohydrates are classified into different levels of their architecture. List them. [2 marks]
(v) Lipids have different functions, enumerate them. [2 marks]
(vi) Explain triacylglycerols in brief and explain two of their roles. [3 marks]
(vii) Describe the following terms: (a) Replication (b) Transcription (c) Translation (d) tRNA (e) rRNA [5 marks]
4
QUESTION 5
(i) Give two stages of glycolysis. [1 mark]
(ii) In amino acid catabolism begins with the removal of the amino group. The carbon skeletons produced from the standard amino acids are degraded into 7 metabolic products. Give four. [1 mark]
(iii) Describe briefly the deamination of amino acids. [4 marks]
(iv) Write brief explanations of the following stages of protein synthesis.
(a) Initiation (b) Elongation (c) Termination [3 marks]
(v) Explain briefly the following terms:
(a) Chlorophyll a. (b) Chlorophyll b. (c) Photosynthesis (d) Carotenoids (e) Chloroplasts (f) Nitrogen fixation [3 marks]
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