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Mls 2304 : Clinical Virology I Question Paper

Mls 2304 : Clinical Virology I

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Medical Laboratory Sciences

Institution: Jomo Kenyatta University Of Agriculture And Technology question papers

Exam Year:2012

JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
OF
AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

University Examinations 2012/2013

THIRD YEAR FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES

MLS 2304 : CLINICAL VIROLOGY I

DATE: AUGUST 2012 TIME: 2 HOURS

SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTONS (20 MARKS)
INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION. EVERY QUESTION HAS ONLY ONE CORRECT ANSWER. A WRONG ANSWER OR GUESS WORK WILL RESULT IN A PENALTY OF ½ MARK.

Q1. The most radiosensitive property of viruses is:

(a) infectivity.
(b) Pathogenicity.
(c) Change in morphology.
(d) Immunogenicity.

Q2. Viral morphology refers to:

(a) The shape of the virus only.
(b) The size of the virus only.
(c) The shape, size, symmetry and surface properties of the virus.
(d) Only the surface properties.

Q3. In the ICTV classification of viruses, the suffix of the subfamily is:

(a) Virus.
(b) Virinae.
(c) Viridae.
(d) Virales.

Q4. The most common occupational hazard that can result in viral infection among health care workers is:

(a) Sexually-transmitted infections.
(b) Infections through splashing of body fluids.
(c) Needle stick injury.
(d) Infection via inhalation of contaminated aerosols.

Q5. Pre-exposure prophylaxis as a management strategy against rabies involves:

(a) Vaccination.
(b) Isolation.
(c) Culling of infected animals.
(d) All of the above.

Q6. The immunogenic components of viruses include:

(a) The envelope glycoproteins.
(b) The capside proteins.
(c) The nucleocapsid.
(d) All of the above.

Q7. Injectable viral vaccines are not administered:

(a) Intramuscularly.
(b) Intradermally.
(c) Subcutaneously.
(d) Orally.

Q8. The unique step in the replication of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses is:

(a) The viral ssNDA is converted to dsDNA (by host enzymes).
(b) Primary transcription of virion (-)sense RNA by RdRp in the Virion Core in the cytoplasm to produce (+) sense RNA.
(c) Synthesis of (-) sense RNA from the (+) sense template by RdRp.
(d) Reverse transcription of virion (+) ssRNA in the cytoplasm by virion-associated reverse transcriptase into intermediate RNA/DNA complex.

Q9. Infection refers to:

(a) The ability of a virus to produce an infectious disease in an organism.
(b) The entry of a virus into the body and produces no symptoms or just transient symptoms due to local irritation.
(c) The degree of pathology caused by a virus.
(d) Signs and symptoms associated by the presence of an infecting virus.

Q10. The primary HIV infection:

(a) Manifests like an influenza-like illness.
(b) Is asymptomatic.
(c) Is characterized by moderate unexplained weight loss and recurrent respiratory infections.
(d) Is associated with opportunistic infections.

Q11. A prion is:

(a) A subviral agent composed of nucleic acid which encodes the coat protein in which its nucleic acid is encapsidated.
(b) An infectious agent composed exclusively of a single piece of circular single-stranded RNA of low molecular weight.
(c) A proteinaceous infectious particle that lacks any detectable nucleic acids.
(d) All of the above.

Q12. Disease refers to:

(a) The ability of a virus to produce an infectious disease in an organism.
(b) The entry of a virus into the body and produces no symptoms or just transient symptoms due to local irritation.
(c) The degree of pathology caused by a virus.
(d) Signs and symptoms associated by the presence of an infecting virus.

Q13. The external virion sizes are measured in:

(a) nm
(b) m
(c) bp
(d) kbp

Q14. In each genes of viruses, one species for which considerable knowledge is available is designated as:

(a) The type species.
(b) The virus species.
(c) The quasi-species.
(d) All of the above.

Q15. The proportion of the population that is immune to a given viral infection is referred to as the:

(a) Risk group.
(b) Endemicity.
(c) Immunized group.
(d) Herd immunity.

Q16. The most easily parenterally-transmitted virus is:

(a) Hepatitis A virus.
(b) Hepatitis B virus.
(c) Hepatitis C virus.
(d) Hepatitis D virus.

Q17.Nosocomial outbreaks of gastroenteritis affects mainly:

(a) Adult.
(b) Immunocompromized patients.
(c) Pregnant women.
(d) Paediatric patients.

Q18. The leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma is:

(a) Hepatitis A virus.
(b) Hepatitis B virus.
(c) Hepatitis C virus.
(d) Hepatitis D virus.

Q19. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are caused by:

(a) Sattelite viruses.
(b) Viroids.
(c) Prions.
(d) All of the above.

Q20. Viral vaccines are produced from:

(a) A whole virus.
(b) Parts of the virion capsid.
(c) Envelope glycoproteins.
(d) All of the above.

SECTION B: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (30 MARKS)
INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

Q21. Differentiate the Hepatitis viruses (A, B, and C) on the basis of viral family and type of genome. [6 marks]

Q22. Define the following terms:

(a) Virus species. [1 mark]
(b) Viraemia. [1 mark]
(c) Pathogenicity. [1 mark]
(d) Virulence. [1 mark]
(e) Elimination. [1 mark]
(f) Epidemic. [1 mark]
Q23. Briefly describe the factors that influence the spread of viral infections in the community. [6 marks]

Q24. Briefly discuss the application of antiviral drugs. [6 marks]

Q25. Briefly describe the post-exposure management of rabies.
[6 marks]

SECTION C: LONG ANSWER QUESTONS. (20 MARKS)
INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ONLY ONE QUESTION IN THIS SECTION

Q26. Discuss the mechanisms responsible for RNA viral genetic variation. [20 marks]

Q27. Discuss viral RNA genome orientations. [20 marks]

Q28. Discuss viral-induced immunopathology. [20 marks]

Mls 2304 : Clinical Virology I Question Paper

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