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Ansc 342: Biotechnology In Animal Breeding Question Paper

Ansc 342: Biotechnology In Animal Breeding

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Animal Science

Institution: Chuka University question papers

Exam Year:2013

CHUKA

UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS
EXAMINATION FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (ANIMAL SCIENCE)

ANSC 342: BIOTECHNOLOGY IN ANIMAL BREEDING

STREAMS: ANSC TIME: 2 HOURS

DAY/DATE: TUESDAY 6/8/2013 2.30 PM - 4.30 PM

INSTRUCTIONS:

This Examination has two sections (A and B)
Answer All Questions in Section A and Three Questions in Section B

Section A (Answer all Questions total marks 34)

1. Distinguish between the following:

(a) Genetic markers and genes
(b) Physical maps and linkage maps of the genome
(c) Gene introgression and Marker Assisted Selection. [9 marks]

2. With the aid of diagrams explain the following:

(a) DNA structure in cells
(b) Gel electrophoresis
(c) RNA processing [9 marks]

3. Define the following terms:

(a) Recombination
(b) Polymorphism
(c) Haplotype
(d) Gene mapping [8 marks]

4. Describe the following reproductive biotechnologies:

(a) Artificial insemination in dairy cattle
(b) Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer
(c) Oestrus synchronization [8 marks]

Section B (Answer Only 3 Questions. Each Question Carries 12 Marks. Total Marks 36)

5. Currently, animal breeders have adopted use of molecular information in selective breeding of livestock.

(a) Explain three gene markers available to animal breeders. [6 marks]

(b) Explain the process of gene amplification using PCR [6 marks]

6. (a) Explain the following concepts:

(i) Quantitative trait loci
(ii) Recombination fraction (?)
(iii) Linkage [6 marks]

(b) Using an illustration distinguish between “coupling phase” and “repulsion phase” in gene linkage. [2 marks]

(c) Consider two markers P and Q. A sire with genotype P^1 P^2 Q^1 Q^2 is mated to a dam with genotype P^1 P^1 Q^1 Q^1 and twenty offspring are obtained with the following genotypes for the two markers:

Offspring genotype Paternal gamete Maternal gamete Frequency
P^1 P^1 Q^1 Q^1 P^1 Q^1 P^1 Q^1 9
P^1 P^2 Q^1 Q^1 P^2 Q^1 P^1 Q^1 1
P^1 P^1 Q^1 Q^2 P^1 Q^2 P^1 Q^1 1
P^1 P^2 Q^1 Q^2 P^2 Q^2 P^1 Q^1 9

(i) Which gametes in the offspring above are recombinants? [2 marks]

(ii) Calculate the recombination fraction for the above situation. [2 marks]

7. (a) Discuss the role of reproductive biotechnologies in animal breeding [7 marks]

(b) A particular marker is linked to a QTL. The marker alleles are M1 and M2 while the QTL alleles are W1W2. A sire with a marker genotype M1M2 and QTL genotype W1W2 is mated to dam with maker genotype M1M1 and QTL genotypeW1W1. From the mating what are the possible haplotypes?
[5 marks]
8. (a) Clearly describe the process of the “semi-conservative” DNA replication.
[4 marks]

(b) Describe the process of transcription. [4 marks]

(c) Describe the use of plasmids in DNA amplification. [4 marks]

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Ansc 342: Biotechnology In Animal Breeding Question Paper

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