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Anhe 0318: Pharmacology Question Paper
Anhe 0318: Pharmacology
Course:Diploma In Animal Health And Production
Institution: Chuka University question papers
Exam Year:2013
CHUKA
UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS
THIRD YEAR EXAMINATIONS FOR THE AWARD OF DIPLOMA IN ANIMAL HEALTH
ANHE 0318: PHARMACOLOGY
STREAMS: ANHE Y3S2 TIME: 2 HOURS
DAY/DATE: WEDNESDAY 17/4/2013 11.30 AM – 1.30 PM
INSTRUCTIONS:
Answer all questions in section A and any two in section B.
SECTION A (40 MARKS)
1. Give three (3) reasons why it is important for a drug to be known by its generic name
besides the proprietary name. [3 Marks]
2. List seven (7) common sources of drugs. [7 Marks]
3. A clinician must decide:
- Which drug go give for a given outcome [3 Marks]
- How much of the drug go give [1 Mark]
- How often to give it [1 Mark]
Describe how the standardization of drug names relates to these decisions. [5 Mark]
4. A drug is presented as 10% Oxytetracycline. The dosage for treating against Anaplasmosis is 10mg/kg Oxytetracycline per kg body weight of the anima, administered intramuscularly. You are presented with a 200kg heifer suffering from Anaplasmosis. Please answer the following questions, and show your calculations:
(a) Calculate the amount of the antibiotic, in mg, that you will administer.
[3 Marks]
(b) Calculate the amount of antibiotic, in mls, that you will administer. [3 Marks]
5. List 5 considerations that a clinician must make in order to ensure the safe and effective use of drugs. [12 Marks]
6. Discuss the objectives of the “ethical use of drugs and agro-chemicals” [10 Marks]
SECTION B (30 MARKS)
7. (a) The presence of food in the stomach can alter blood flow, gastric secretions,
motility, and gastric pH. Write down the correct answer form the provided choices regarding how each of these changes influences the rate of the absorption of a drug which is normally absorbed from the stomach. Give explanations of how this happens. [8 Marks]
(a) Increased blood flow (increase/decrease)
(b) Increased gastric secretions (increase/decrease
(c) Increased gastric motility (increase /decrease)
(e) Lowered gastric pH (increased /decreased)
(b) A drug whose trade mark name is Felicycline T is shown to contain 0.5%
Tetracycline per tablet. You are presented with a 6kg puppy suffering from pneumonia. Pneumonia is treated in dogs using 10mg Tetracycline per kg body weight per day, given in three divided doses, for 5 days. [7 Marks]
(i) Calculate the dosage in mg that should be administered to the puppy daily
(ii) Calculate the number of tablets required for the entire treatment
(iii) Calculate the number of tablets you will require per day
(iv) Calculate the number of tablets you will give at each administration
(v) What is the difference between the names Felicycline T and Tetracycline?
(vi) Explain why tetracycline tablets should not be given in milk.
8. (a) Briefly discuss the mechanisms by which the development of resistance to
chemotherapeutic drugs occurs. [8 Marks]
(b) Briefly describe how the prolonged use of a drug can influence liver microsomal enzymes, and how this can affect the efficiency of such a drug. [7 Marks]
9. (a) The biotransformation of drugs includes:
(i) Inactivation
(ii) Activation
(iii) Modification of activity
(iv) Lethal synthesis.
Explain briefly what terminology refers to [8 Marks]
(b) Briefly discuss the factors that determine the concentration of a drug in plasma.
[7 Marks]
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